Determinan Status Periodontal Pada Remaja Di Indonesia: Analisis Data Riskesdas Tahun 2018
Abstract
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 ditemukan prevalensi penyakit periodontal di Indonesia sebesar 74,1%. Penyakit periodontal merupakan penyakit inflamasi yang disebabkan oleh biofilm bakteri pada permukaaan gigi serta salah satu penyebab utama kehilangan gigi akibat kerusakan jaringan periodontal yang bersifat permanen. Penyakit periodontal dibagi menjadi dua yaitu gingivitis dan periodontis. World Health Organization (WHO) Basic Oral Health Survey pemeriksaan dini penyakit periodontal masa remaja terjadi pada usia 15-19 tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengindetifikasi faktor-faktor terkait status periodontal pada remaja di Indonesia. Penelitian cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder dari Riskesdas 2018 pada usia remaja 15-19 tahun mengenai variabel karakteristik sosiodemografi, faktor perilaku kesehatan gigi, faktor pelayanan kesehatan gigi, dan faktor penyakit sistemik. Sampel peneltian adalah 3089 remaja Indonesia. Prevalensi status periodontal pada usia remaja 15-19 tahun berkisar antara 91,3% sampai dengan 94,7%. Hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sosioekonomi terhadap status periodontal (OR=1,546;95%CI 1.141-2.161). Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap status periodontal pada remaja adalah mengkonsumsi minuman beralkohol dan sosioekonomi. Hal ini berimplikasi pada program pencegahan penyakit periodontal, perlu difokuskan terhadap inklusi sosial dan adanya perluasan akses pelayanan kesehatan gigi lebih baik untuk remaja yang mempunyai penyakit gigi dan mulut antara lain penyakit karies gigi dan penyakit periodontal.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/cdj.v16i1.32134
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