PERAN SUMBERDAYA ALAM DALAM KEMISKINAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN PROVINSI ACEH

Abstract

Poverty has become one of the main issues hindering the regional development in Aceh Province. Studies has shown that there are  positive relationship between natural resources and regional revenue. This research uses descriptive-quantitative analysis and indicates that although poverty factors, such as the average years of schooling in Aceh, have exceeded the national average, the income generated from natural resources and access to capital for the community are still considered low, contributing to low income levels and high poverty in the province. Meanwhile, the role of natural resources in development and poverty alleviation can be assessed through the province's Revenue-Sharing Fund in Natural Resources (DBH SDA), which remains low and is lower compared to other provinces in Sumatra. The average DBH SDA in Aceh for the year 2018-2022 is around 65.73 percent of the total DBH. Yet, the actual DBH SDA is largely proportioned by the Revenue-Sharing Fund obtained from the Special Autonomy scheme for Oil and Gas, which accounts for 88.53 percent from the total DBH. Furthermore, the role of natural resources in poverty reduction and regional development is not only challenged by the suboptimal income but also by the government's incompetence to generate effective, efficient, and synergistic regional budgeting and planning.