WHEN WOMEN ARE AS GUARDIANS OF NATURE: READING IDEOLOGY OF ECOFEMINISM IN INDONESIAN FOLKLORES

Wiyatmi Wiyatmi

Abstract


This study aims to explore and identify ecofeminism ideologies that place women as guardians of nature in a number of Indonesian folklores. The goal is motivated by the existence of imaginary and empirical realities that develop in the Indonesian society about the existence of super female figures who are considered to have influence and strength in protecting nature. By using purposive sampling this study examines three main female folklores who act as carers of nature, namely Dewi Sri and Nyi Ratu Kidul. As the characters in their folklore are created by the collective reasoning of the people. The results of the study are expected to provide an overview of the existence of female leaders as guardians of nature so that the realization of human life and nature can be achieved which will guarantee the survival of life on earth.


Keywords


Gender; feminism; folklore; Indonesian literature

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adhayanto, O. (2014). Maritime constitution. Jurnal Selat, 2(1), 135-145.

Arif, A. (2019). Jejak Ratu Kidul di Selatan Jawa: Kajian tentang mitigasi Tsunami. [The trace of the Queen Kidul in South Java: A study of Tsunami mitigation]. International Symposium on Javanese Studies and Manuscripts. 5-6 March 2019, Grand Ballroom Royal Ambarrukmo, Yogyakarta.

Arivia, G. (2014). Goddess, ketubuhan dan alam: Kajian spiritualitas ekofeminisme [Goddess, body and nature: The study of ecofeminism spirituality]. Jurnal Perempuan, 19(1), 53-70.

Aryono. (2015). Siapakah sebenarnya Nyai Roro Kidul [Who is actually Nyai Roro Kidul]. Retrieved from https://historia.id/kuno/articles/siapakah-sebenarnya-nyai-roro-kidul-vVeVp

Candraningrum, D. (2013). Seri kajian Ekofeminisme I: Dalam tafsir agama, pendidikan, ekonomi, budaya. [Ecofeminism study series I: In interpretation of religion, education, economics, culture]. Yogyakarta: Jaslasutra.

Dananjaya, J. (1994). Folklor Indonesia: Ilmu gosip, dongeng dan lain-lainnya [Indonesian folklore: Science of gossip, fairy tales and others]. Jakarta: Graffiti.

Daeng, H. (1991). Manusia, mitos, dan simbol [Humans, myths, and symbols]. Basis, XL(I), 16-17.

Eliade, M. (1968). Myth and reality. New York: Harper & Row Publishers.

Gaard, G. (1993). Living interconnections with animals and nature. In G.Gaard (Eds.), Ecofeminism (ethics and action): Women, animals, nature (pp. 1-12). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Haviland, W. (1993). Antropologi [Anthropology] (Trans. by R. G. Soekadjo). Jakarta: Erlangga

Jalil, A. (2015). Memaknai tradisi upacara Labuhan dan pengaruhnya terhadap masyarakat Parangtritis [Understanding the tradition of Labuhan ceremony and its effects on the Parangtritis community]. el Harakah, 17(1), 101-113.

Rohmana, J. A., & Ernawati. (2014). Perempuan dan kearifan lokal: Performativitas perempuan dalam ritual adat Sunda [Women and local wisdom: Women’s reformation in Sundanese traditional rituals]. Jurnal Musâwa, 13(2), 151-165.

Lestari, N. S. (2017). Power and strength in the myth of Rara Kidhul. International Review of Humanities Studies, 2(2), 201-217.

Mardiyanto. (2007). Kalarahu kumpulan cerita rakyat Jawa. [Kalarahu collection of Javanese folk stories]. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa, Depertemen Pendidikan Nasional.

Nenola, A. (1999). Gender, culture and folklore. ELO, 5, 21-42.

Olthof, W. L. (2017). Babad tanah Jawi: Mulai dari nabi Adam sampai runtuhnya Mataram. [Babad tanah Jawi: Starting from prophet Adam to the collapse of Mataram]. Yogyakarta: Narasi.

Propp, V. (1984). Theory and history of folklore. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Taum, Y. Y. (2012). Berbagai mitos tentang laut: Mengungkap konsep bahari bangsa Indonesia [Various myths about the sea: Revealing the maritime concept of the Indonesian nation]. Kongres Internasional Folklore Asia III. 7-9 June 2013, Hotel Inna Garuda, Yogyakarta.

Setiawan, I. (2009). Mitos Nyi Roro Kidul dalam kehidupan masyarakat Cianjur Selatan [The myth of Nyi Roro Kidul in the community life of South Cianjur], Patanjala, 1(2), 188 – 200.

Setiawan, E. (2016). Eksistensi budaya bahari tradisi Petik Laut di Muncar Banyuwangi [The existence of nautical culture of Sea Picking Traditions in Muncar Banyuwangi]. Jurnal Universum, 10(2), 229-237.

Shiva, V., & Mies, M. (2005). Ecofeminism: Perspektif gerakan perempuan dan lingkungan [Ecofeminism: Perspective of the women’s and environmental movements] (Trans. by Kelik Ismunanto & Lilik Yogyakarta: Ire Press.

Sukatno. (2013). Sri Mulih Pendawa sebagai sarana pelengkap grebeg sekaten di Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta [Sri Mulih Pendawa as a complementary facility for Grebeg Sekaten at the Surakarta Kasunanan Palace]. Harmonia, 13(1), 10-18.

Suyami, et.al. (1998). Kajian nilai budaya naskah Kuna Cariyos Dewi Sri [A study of Kuna Cariyos Dewi Sri’s cultural values]. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan kebudayaan RI.

Syafrina, T. & Mulia, A. (2015). Asal-usul: Bunga Rampai cerita rakyat Sumatera Utara [Origins: North Sumatra Folklore]. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.

Teeuw, A. (2016). Sastra dan ilmu sastra: Pengantar teori sastra [Literature and literature: Introduction to literary theory]. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya.

Tong, R. P. (2006). Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction (Trans. by Aquaini Priyatna Prabasmara). Bandung: Jalasutra

Warren, K. J. & Cheney, J. (2015). Ecological feminism and ecosystem ecology. Hypatia, 6(1), 179-197.

Warren, K. J. (1990). The power and the promíse of ecological feminism. Environmental Ethics, 12, 125-144.

Wessing, R. (1997). Roro Kidul in Puger: Local applications of a Myth Archipel Année 1997, 53, pp. 97-120. Retrieved from https://www.persee.fr¬/doc¬/arch_0044-8613_1997_num_53_1_3395.

Wessing, R. (1997). A princess from Sunda: Some Aspects of Nyai Roro Kidul. Asian Folklore Studies, 56, 317-353.

Yetti, E. (2014). Motif asal-usul tanaman padi dalam tiga cerita rakyat Indonesia [The motives behind paddy origin in three Indonesian folktales]. Kandai, 10(1), 53-67.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/.v1i1.14472

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 0 times
PDF - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.