The Effect of The Belief System, Family Organizations and Family Communication on Covid-19 Prevention Behavior: The Perspective of Family Resilience

Family resilience plays an important role, especially in dealing with prolonged problems or crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The absence of family resilience might result in family breakdown, decreased family function in decision making, and destroy values in family life. This study aims to determine the effect of belief systems, organizational patterns, and family communication on COVID-19 prevention behavior within the framework of family resilience. The study focuses on factors that most likely influence COVID-19 prevention behavior. This research is a descriptive-analytic study using a cross-sectional approach. A total of 100 respondents representing households in the Banten province filled out an online questionnaire using Google Form. In this study, the multivariate analysis used is multiple logistic regression. The analysis showed that the variables that had significant relationships with COVID-19 prevention behavior were the belief system (p = 0.005), family organization (p = 0.008), and family communication (p = 0.001). The results of this study also show that family communication is the most related variable with an odds ratio of 2694, which means that family communication has the greatest influence of 2-3 times of ?? in efforts to prevent COVID-19.

The absence of family resilience, then a prolonged problem or crisis such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in family splits, decreased family function, and decision making, and damage values in life (Davis et al., 2020).
The existence of family resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic would hold other problems. When there are problems that might damage the family system with changing rules and the family needs, family resilience becomes an important model and framework. Family resilience is needed to identify and strengthen important processes that provide capacity for families to cope with constant stress and crisis (Ganong & Coleman, 2002;Greeff et al., 2006;McCubbin & McCubbin, 2005;Walsh, 2007).
According to Walsh (2003), family resilience is developed with family stress, coping, and adaptation theories that mainly focus on the characteristics and traits of resilient families. Walsh (2003) introduces a family systems perspective on family resilience that emphasizes flexible, ecological, and developmental processes that promote family recovery and growth out of adversity.
The conceptual framework is oriented with the system of family resilience which claims that belief systems, family organizational patterns, communication, and problem-solving are linked to family resilience. By increasing the capacity of family members, their relationships, and the entire family, these processes aid in coping with changes, stress, predictable (normative) and unpredictable (non-normative) crises, and adaptation to changing living situations. The first of the major processes are belief systems, which entails assigning meaning to difficulty (family members handle the pressure as common adversity, thereby stabilizing the situation), positive outlook (focusing on their potential, enthusiasm, and trust in overwhelming misfortune), also transcendence and spirituality (attempt power in religion, connection with the environment, as well as participate in social actions). The second category is family organizational patterns, which include: adaptability (family reunion, strong family leadership), connection (mutual support, commitment), and social and economic resources (support from families or institutions, financial protection). The third category is communication and problem solving, which includes communication clarity (seeking the truth and clarifying ambiguous information, communicating clearly and coherently), open emotional expression (sharing feelings, engaging in positive interactions, and spending time together), and collaborative problem solving (creativity, collective decision making, proactive attitude) (Walsh, 1996;Walsh, 2002;Walsh, 2003;Walsh, 2013;Walsh, 2015;Sharma, 2013).
In the last few decades, social and economic problems have caused a decline in the quality of family life. Therefore, a useful conceptual model such as a family resilience framework is needed to guide efforts to strengthen family relationships. Family resilience fosters family empowerment by realizing mutual expectations, developing new and new competencies, and building mutually supportive and collaborative efforts among family members. Strengthening family resilience is parallel with building family resources to face new challenges more effectively, one of which is when facing the COVID-19 Pandemic with various forms of intervention which are also a form of preventive action.

Methods
This research was an observational analytic study that seeks to see the effect between variables by analyzing the data obtained. The research design was a cross-sectional design to determine the effect of belief systems, family organization, and family communication, which positively and significantly affect COVID-19 prevention behavior.

Population and Sample
This study utilized simple random sampling to obtain 100 respondents, head of household residing in Banten Province, Indonesia. The number of samples was obtained using the Slovin formula with a research degree of confidence of 90%, with an error rate of 10%.

Data Collection Method
Data were obtained from questionnaires distributed to the participants. There were two kinds of the questionnaire. The first is a questionnaire assessing family resilience, which contains questions aimed to probe the family belief systems, organizational patterns, and communication. The next questionnaire contains a description of the head of the family in COVID-19 prevention behavior.

Data Collection Procedure
The data collection was carried out in several stages. The initial stage includes managing research permits, coordinating with the field team to distribute questionnaires, preparing research instruments, conducting research sampling, and preparing research questionnaires. The second stage was the implementation stage includes explaining and filling in the consent form and filling out the questionnaire by the respondent.

Data Analysis
The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Univariate analysis was utilized to analyze research variables and test the normality of the data. Univariate analysis was also used to obtain the characteristics of the belief system, family organization, family communication, and COVID-19 prevention behavior according to respondents' perceptions described as mean and standard deviation.
The bivariate analysis consisted of univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyzes. Univariate analysis was carried out to obtain the frequency distribution of each belief system variable, family organization, and communication on COVID-19 prevention behavior. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test (with α <0.05) was carried out to determine the relationship and which variables had the most influence on COVID-19 prevention behavior. The variables analyzed in the multivariate analysis were those that obtained a p-value <0.25 in the bivariate analysis.
In this study, the multivariate analysis used was multiple logistic regression tests. The significance of this study is if it meets the p-value <0.05.

Results
This research was conducted from November -December 2020. Respondents are families who live in Banten Province. Each respondent was given a questionnaire that was filled out via a google form distributed through the Whatsapp application. The number of respondents who participated in this study amounted to 100 people. The majority of respondents were aged 15-45 years (82%), with male and female proportions of 22% and 78%, respectively. Most respondents were housewives/unemployed (31%) and civil servants (29%). The respondents' average monthly income was 1-5 million (49%) and less than 1 million (31%). Most of the respondents (90%) lived in their own house, with the majority of respondents (50%) had four family members who lived in the same house.

Univariate Analysis
As described in Table 2, the study results indicate that only the majority of respondents (range 49-54%) have good family resilience related to COVID-19 prevention behavior, where only 51% were in a good category.  Table 3 shows that the respondent's answers related to the Family Belief System (83%) strongly agree on the statement of instilling values in the family to always good to everyone.  Table 4 shows that in the answers of respondents related to Family Organization Patterns, a small proportion (30%) gave strongly agree answers to the statement that the family had financial adequacy during the COVID-19 Pandemic.  Table 5 shows that the respondent's answers related to family communication are the largest (54%) who strongly agree on the family statement allowing each family member to speak clearly if there is something to be discussed..  Table 6 shows that in the answers of respondents related to family communication, the largest (66%) is strongly agree on answers to statements number 7,8, and 11, namely the family always reminds my family to avoid close physical interaction with people who have symptoms, always tell the family to cover the mouth when coughing and sneezing with the inside of the upper arm or with a tissue then immediately throw it in the trash and remind the family to wash their hands immediately and always remind the family to change clothes/shower when they get home after traveling.     Table 9 shows the results of the Chi Square statistical test with p value = 0.001 showing p value <0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between Family Communication and COVID-19 Prevention Behavior.

Multivariate Analysis
Multivariate analysis is carried out to assess which family resilience factors most influence COVID-19 prevention behavior. Table 10 shows the effect of the three independent variables: belief system, family organization, and family communication individually on COVID-19 prevention behavior with a p-value <0.25, so the three variables can be continued in a multivariate analysis. Several independent variables that are related to the dependent variable is a belief system, family organization, and family communication are simultaneously included in the computation of the Enter method logistic regression test.   Table 12 shows the results of the simultaneous analysis of the belief system variable and family communication, the belief system variable with p-value = 0.205, and family communication with p-value: 0.045 with OR <10%.
These data indicate the variable elimination process is complete.

The effect of belief system family on COVID-19 prevention behavior
The results showed that most families in this research have a good Belief System in preventing COVID-19 by 54%. This is because some families have good values and norms in the family. Cultivating good values in the family is a form of social support that influences one another. This is illustrated by the respondents' answers showing that most families (83%) answered strongly agree that instilling values in the family is always done. good to anyone.
Other research also states that the family belief system in dealing with the dangers of drugs is in a high category (72%). This study shows that the respondents' family belief system can face dangers / bad effects, especially drugs (Pribowo & Subarkah, 2020). The results of this study are in line with Walsh (1998), which states that the existence of values and norms affects individual behavior. Social support will also help families maintain the courage to face bad situations, encourage existing relationships and build trust in family members. With the belief that each family member can do the best, it will strengthen individual efforts to strengthen relationships with other members of the family (Kaakinen et al., 2010).
Other research also states that the family belief system in dealing with the dangers of drugs is in a high category (72%). This study shows that the respondents' family belief system can face dangers / bad effects, especially drugs (Pribowo & Subarkah, 2020). The results of this study are in line with Walsh (1998), which states that the existence of values and norms affects individual behavior. Social support will also help families maintain the courage to face bad situations, encourage existing relationships and build trust in family members. With the belief that each family member can do the best, it will strengthen individual efforts to strengthen relationships with other members of the family (Kaakinen et al., 2010).
In line with the behavior theory presented by Green et al. (2009) that behavior is determined or formed from 3 factors. These factors include i) predisposing factors that are manifested in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and values; ii) supporting factors manifested in the physical environment, the availability or non-availability of facilities or facilities; and iii) driving factors manifested in the attitudes and behavior of officers who are the reference group for community behavior.
Families have an important role to play in preventing the spread of COVID-19. This is because the family has several functions in it. Functions that can be done to deal with and prevent the spread of the epidemic. On the other hand, the family has a complementary relationship with health for its members in building a healthy lifestyle and preventing all forms of the disease and the function it has in improving the quality of health for its members.
Therefore, it is inevitable for families to carry out these functions (Ashidiqie, 2020).

The effect of family organization on COVID-19 prevention behavior
The results showed that most families had a low-income family organization pattern in preventing COVID-19 (51%). This is because economic factors most influence the pattern of family organization in Indonesia.
Respondents' data show that as many as 31% of respondents have an income of fewer than 1 million rupiahs, and 49% of respondents have an income of 1-5 million per month, which indicates that economic resources are still not optimal. This is in line with the answers of respondents who stated that only a small proportion of families (30%) had financial/financial adequacy during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
A person's socioeconomic status can also influence a person's health behavior. A person's socioeconomic status influences motivation and means of healthy behavior. Groups with lower socioeconomic status have more stress levels than high socioeconomic status. An understanding of the benefits of healthy behavior as a long-term benefit and higher life expectancy. Factors related to stress, limited benefits, class differences, and knowledge of risks emphasize how socioeconomic status shapes a person's motivation to behave healthily (Pampel et al., 2010). This can be illustrated in the research conducted. The economic factors of respondents can also influence the behavior of preventing COVID-19 in families in Banten Province.
The bivariate analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between Family Organizations and COVID-19 Prevention Behavior. Walsh (1998) also conveyed that family resilience is also affected by economic tensions.
Economic resources should not be neglected when considering family resilience in adverse situations. For example, if the family's sole breadwinner is sick, the family may meet economic demands and lose their home, vehicle, and life as they once knew. Scarcity of resources in times of difficulty burdens the family and has an impact on resilience.
Other opinions regarding the importance of family resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic are reflected in Prime et al.'s (2020) research. Apart from considering the family structure (individuals, partners, and the whole family), there is a process the primary mediation within the family that channels and modifies the risks arising from social disruption into individual adaptations.
The form of social support in the form of providing information on the importance of COVID-19 prevention behavior, Bantuan Sosial Tunai (BST) that the state has provided to communities with low economies that encourage a sense of security during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as solidarity and increased community activities, especially religious communities. Increasing the Family Organization Pattern, especially in this pandemic.

The effect of family communication on COVID-19 prevention behavior
The results showed that most of the families have good communication ( Clear and consistent messages are invaluable in the family communication process. Clear and consistent delivery of messages is important for explaining ambiguous information and seeking truth. Walsh (2003) states that clarity and conformity in messages make it easier for families to function effectively. Clarifying and sharing important information about crises and future expectations, such as medical prognosis, facilitates meaning-making, authentic gathering, and informed decision-making. At the same time, ambiguity or confidentiality can hinder understanding, closeness, and mastery. Mutual acknowledgment of realities and painful circumstances promotes healing in the family.
The bivariate analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between Family Communication and COVID-19 Prevention Behavior. Furthermore, after carrying out the multivariate test, it was found that family communication had the greatest influence in efforts to prevent COVID-19, namely 2-3 times.
COVID-19 prevention behavior is influenced by communication as an important and dominant factor. It is in line with research conducted (Kaddi et al., 2020) that family communication used by parents and children is very useful in preventing COVID-19 in Central Sulawesi. The process of delivering messages related to the dangers of COVID-19 by parents can change children's understanding and behavior so that preventive action occurs.
The family has a function and a role that each member of the family plays. Roles are built in a family, developed utilizing discussion, dialogue, and negotiation between family members (Galvin, 2006). The role of the family and the rules of communication in a family are two things that are interrelated and influence each other. The role of each family member that is carried out properly will also have a good impact on the stability of the family system. Cangara (2002) explains that the communication function in the family will foster "human relations," avoid and overcome personal conflicts in the family, reduce the uncertainty of something, and share knowledge and experiences with others. Communication in the family can improve human relations between communicating parties, both in family life, community, and even as a state (Kuswanti et al., 2020).
The potential vulnerability to a decrease in the quality of family communication can have implications for family disharmony, which results in family dysfunction. There needs to be social support from various elements that have the same goal, namely the creation of good family communication aspects to support family resilience to anticipate family dysfunction (Pribowo & Subarkah, 2020).
The government, in this case, also needs to promote family resilience programs by prioritizing communication aspects, campaigning for open communication within the family in communicating the problems faced by each family member. It is hoped that it can increase family resilience and increase family members' role in looking after themselves and their families, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The heart-to-heart communication strategy as a solution has a positive influence on spirit, soul, and feelings, which has a positive effect on attitudes and will have a good effect on behavior, especially COVID-19 prevention behavior during this pandemic (Lestari & Paripurno, 2020).

COVID-19 prevention behavior
The results showed that most families have good COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in the Family (54%). Good COVID-19 prevention behavior is directly proportional to the number of respondents who are women, with a total of 78 respondents (78%).
Gender is not the main factor that underlies better COVID-19 prevention behavior in women than men. Cultural factors are also a factor where women have better health behaviors. Eastern culture places more emphasis on women maintaining cleanliness and the environment (Wati & Rido, 2020).
Research conducted in Hubei China, by measuring KAP, found that women have a level of knowledge, attitudes and optimistic behavior in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic compared to men. In addition, health education to increase knowledge about COVID-19 strongly supports an optimistic attitude and the maintenance of safe health (Zhong et al., 2020). This is based on Walsh's (2015) family resilience framework, family welfare is conceptualized by three comprehensive processes: (a) communication (clear information, emotional sharing, collaborative problem solving, handling of children and families), (b) organization (adaptability, connectedness, and access to social and economic resources), and (c) belief systems (making meanings, hopes, and spirituality). This process will be disrupted or changed in many families during a pandemic. It can also serve as a source of resilience.
The important role of the family in the prevention of corona disease will be very well done when the father and or mother can take a position as a driving force and motivation. Father or Mother is people who are imitated and made into figures by other family members.

Conclusions
The family has a function and a role that each family member plays. Roles are built in a family, developed through discussion, dialogue, and negotiation between family members. (Galvin et al. 2006). The role of the family and the rules of communication in a family are two things that are interrelated and influence each other. The role of each family member that is carried out properly will also have a good impact on the stability of the family system.
There is a relationship between belief system, family organization, and family communication on  Prevention Behavior in Banten Province, with a p-value <0.05. Family communication influences belief systems, family organizations, and family communication on COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in Banten Province. Based on this, it is hoped that the government program in preventing COVID-19 can optimize aspects of family resilience in improving more sustainable COVID-19.