DUKUNGAN SOSIAL KELUARGA DAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA LANSIA HIPERTENSI

Abstract

Penyakit Hipertensi merupakan penyakit terbanyak yang dialami oleh populasi lansia di Indonesia yaitu mencapai 57,6%. Lansia Hipertensi harus mematuhi instruksi pelayanan kesehatan untuk minum obat secara teratur agar dapat mengurangi gejala dan menghindari ketidakstabilan tekanan darah. Oleh karena itu, lansia sangat membutuhkan dukungan sosial keluarga yang positif. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui hubungan dukungan sosial keluarga dengan kepatuhan minum obat. Jenis penelitian ini adalah descriptive correlative dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 206 lansia yang mengalami penyakit Hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukamakmur Aceh Besar. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling berjumlah 206 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terpimpin menggunakan kuesioner baku Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) dan kuesioner yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti berdasarkan teori Friedman. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik Spearman Rank menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan sosial keluarga dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada lansia Hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukamakmur Aceh Besar (p-value = 0,000 < α = 0,05). Diharapkan kepada pelayanan kesehatan agar dapat melibatkan anggota keluarga dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien lansia Hipertensi.

Kata Kunci: dukungan sosial keluarga, kepatuhan minum obat

ABSTRACT

Hypertension is the most common health problem faced by senior citizens in Indonesia with the precentage of 57.6%. The elderly patients with hypertension must comply with health service instructions in taking medication regularly to avoid instability of blood pressure. Therefore, the elderly patients really need positive family social support. The purpose of this research was to identify the correlation between family social support and medication adherence. This descriptive-correlational research was conducted by means of a cross-sectional study approach. A number of 206 elderly patients with hypertension in the working area of public health centers in Aceh Besar Regency were the population members of this research. All of those 206 elderly patients were then chosen as the samples by using a total sampling technique. The data were collected by doing a structured interview with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and another questionnaire measuring the fammily social support developed by the researcher based on the theory of Friedman. The data were analyzed by using a statistical test, namely Spearman’s Rank Correlation. The result indicates that the medication adherence was correlated to the family social support of the elderly patients in the working area of Suka Makmur Public Health Center (p-value = 0.000 < 0.05). Therefore, it is suggested that the public health center provide health promotion in order to enhance the knowledge of the family of the elderly patients and to make them aware of how the medication adherence is correlated to the family social support

Keyword:  family social support, medication adherence