KAJIAN TEKNIS DAN DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN DINDING PENAHAN TANAH DESA PULAU PANGGUNG, MUARA ENIM

Abstract

This study aims to design and analyze a Retaining Wall  as a landslide mitigation solution caused by erosion and scouring along the banks of the Enim River in Pulau Panggung Village, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra. This study integrates a technical approach and Detailed Engineering Design to ensure optimal structural safety and quality, thereby providing maximum protection for infrastructure and settlements around the riverbanks. The research methodology includes topographic measurements using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), which provides an accurate three-dimensional representation of the ground surface conditions. Additionally, soil investigations were conducted through the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and the collection of undisturbed soil samples to obtain detailed soil characteristics, such as cohesion values, shear angles, and unit weight. These data serve as an essential basis for designing a retaining wall that aligns with the geotechnical conditions of the study location. In the structural design analysis, this study compares two design alternatives: Cantilever Wall and Counterfort Wall. The analysis is performed using a Windows Forms-based calculation module, a tool that integrates the latest provisions in building codes, including standards from the American Concrete Institute (ACI). This module calculates dead loads, live loads, and lateral earth pressure, as well as evaluates the structural stability against shear failure, overturning, and bearing capacity. The analysis results indicate that both design alternatives meet the established structural safety factors. Specifically, for the conditions in Pulau Panggung Village, two feasible design alternatives were identified: a 4-meter-high Cantilever Wall with a pile foundation reinforcement of 30 cm in diameter and a 4-meter-high Counterfort Wall without pile foundation reinforcement. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the implementation of technical studies and Detailed Engineering Design for retaining walls is a strategic step in improving infrastructure safety and quality. A well-planned design, combined with in-depth analysis, is expected to serve as a reference for local governments, civil engineering practitioners, and academics in formulating disaster mitigation policies and environmental protection strategies.