Analysis of Cyclic Voltammetry dan Galvanostatic Charge Discharge Electrode Supercapacitor based on activated carbon from Kepok Banana Leaf (Musa balbisiana)
Abstract
Abstrak. Teknologi penyimpan energi elektrokimia yang ramah lingkungan merupakan aspek yang penting dalam menunjang kinerja sistem konversi energi terbarukan. Studi ini menyiapkan elektroda superkapasitor berbahan asal karbon aktif berpori limbah daun pisang kepok. Sampel dipreparasi melalui impregnasi Natrium hidroksida pada konsentrasi 0,5 m/L dan dipirolisis satu tahap meliputi karbonisasi dan aktivasi fisika. Serbuk karbon yang dihasilkan dikonversi dalam bentuk pellet atau monolit dengan menggunakan hidraulik press tanpa adanya penambahan bahan perekat. Proses karbonisasi dilakukan dari suhu kamar hingga 600 °C pada lingkungan gas N2 sedangkan proses aktivasi fisika dilakukan dari suhu 600 °C hingga pada suhu tinggi dengan tiga jenis suhu yang berbeda meliputi 700 °C, 800 °C, dan 900 °C pada lingkungan gas CO2. Analisis densitas ditinjau sebagai evaluasi awal elektroda karbon berpori. Lebih lanjut, sifat elektrokimia superkapasitor dievaluasi melalui dua teknik yang berbeda meliputi teknik cyclic voltammetry (CV) dan galanostatic charge discharge (GCD) pada sistem dua elektroda dalam elektrolit 1 M H2SO4. Kapasitansi spesifik pada teknik CV adalah sebesar 142 F/g sedangkan dengan teknik GCD menghasilkan kapsitansi spesifik sebesar 154 F/g pada resistansi 42∙10-3Ω. Rapat daya dan rapat energi yang dihasilkan berturut-turut 20,45 Wh/kg dan 38,32 W/kg. Hasil ini mengkonfirmasi bahwa daun pisang berpotensi dijadikan sebagai karbon aktif berpori untuk material dasar elektroda superkapasitor.
Abstract. Environmentally friendly electrochemical energy storage technology is an important aspect of supporting global energy fulfillment as a contribution to improving the performance of renewable energy conversion systems. Currently, supercapacitors are considered as a superior electrochemical energy storage technology compared to others. This study performed a supercapacitor with electrodes made from porous activated carbon based on biomass waste, especially banana leaf waste. The sample was prepared by sodium hydroxide impregnated at a concentration of 0.5 m/L dan one-step pyrolysis both carbonization dan physical activation. The carbon powder is converted into pellets or monoliths using a hydraulic press without the addition of any adhesive materials. The carbonization process is performed from room temperature to 600 °C in an N2 gas environment while the physical activation process is carried out from a temperature of 600 °C to a high temperature with three different types including 700 °C, 800 °C, dan 800 °C in CO2 gas atmosphere. Density analysis is reviewed as an initial evaluation of the porous carbon electrode. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of the supercapacitor were evaluated through two different techniques including cyclic voltammetry (CV) dan galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) in a two-electrode system in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The specific capacitance in the CV technique is 142 F/g while the GCD technique produces a specific capacitance of 154 F/g at resistance of 42∙10-3 Ω. The power density dan energy densities for the K-900 are 20.45 Wh/kg dan 38.32 W/kg, respectively. These results confirmed that banana leaves have the potential to be used as porous activated carbon for the supercapacitor electrode.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/jacps.v10i4.19491
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