Effect of hydrogen-rich water on periodontal disease, interleukin and blood glucose levels in diabetic

Abstract

ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels
associated with periodontal disease and increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as
interleukin. Therapeutic effects of molecular hydrogen for a wide range of disease models and human
diseases have been investigated. This review aims to systematically analyze and review animal and
human studies investigating the effect of HRW on periodontal tissues, interleukin, or blood glucose
levels. An electronic search was conducted via PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Wiley Online Library,
LILACS, Science.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CONTROL) using the
keywords "Hydrogen Water", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Interleukin" and "Periodontal disease" for studies
published between January 2011 to May 2021. After the elimination of duplicate items, the primary
search resulted in 101 articles. After excluding irrelevant articles based on abstract and title, full texts of
45 articles were read to exclude additional unrelated studies. Eight studies were included in this review
for qualitative analysis. The results showed that Drinking HRW exerts certain antioxidants for oxidative
gingival stress and anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing interleukin and decreasing blood glucose
levels for DM patients.
KEYWORDS: HRW, DM, Periodontal disease, interleukin