Jejaring Wacana pada Debat Kebijakan Publik di DPR RI: Isu Perlindungan Data Pribadi

Ratna Komala

Abstract


Proses pembahasan Rancangan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi (RUU PDP) di DPRRI di awal tahun 2020, berlangsung alot bahkan sempat buntu akibat perbedaan kepentingan antara DPR dengan Pemerintah. Padahal Undang-Undang PDP sangat penting karena maraknya kebocoran data pribadi di Indonesia yang terjadi berkali-kali sejak tahun 2020. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada proses pertarungan argumentasi wacana untuk mencapai kesepakatan atau koalisi wacana, menggunakan pendekatan Analisis Jejaring Wacana dan Teori Discourse Coalition Framework (DCF), dengan paradigma konstruktivism. Penelitian menganalisis kumpulan argumentasi aktor dalam mengkonstruk wacana kerahasiaan data pribadi dan perlindungan data pribadi, selama rangkaian persidangan di Komisi I DPR RI, dari Januari 2020 hingga Juli 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peta aktor dalam membangun argumentasi dan mempertarungkan argumentasi dengan pilihan narasi alur cerita dan metafor, hingga menjadi perbincangan dalam praktik (practice). Ini adalah proses bagaimana wacana aktor tertentu mempengaruhi dan diterima oleh aktor lain, dan mendominasi perdebatan. Selanjutnya dari proses debat atau pertarungan wacana cenderung terbentuk struktur jejaring koalisi wacana atau konsensus dari pembahasan RUU


The discussion process of the Draft Law on Personal Data Protection (RUU PDP) in the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR RI) in early 2020 was tough and even reached a deadlock due to differing interests between the DPR and the Government. The PDP Law is crucial given the frequent occurrences of personal data breaches in Indonesia since 2020. This research focuses on the argumentative discourse process to reach consensus or discourse coalition, using Discourse Network Analysis and the Discourse Coalition Framework (DCF) approach, within a constructivist paradigm. The study analyzes the collection of arguments by actors in constructing the discourse on personal data confidentiality and personal data protection during the series of hearings in Commission I of the DPR RI from January 2020 to July 2021. The research results show a map of actors building and contesting arguments using narrative choices, storylines, and metaphors, until these discussions become part of the practice. This process illustrates how certain actors' discourses influence and are accepted by other actors, dominating the debate. Furthermore, from the debate or discourse battle process, a discourse coalition network structure or consensus tends to form from the discussion of the RUU PDP.


Keywords


Alur Cerita; Analisis Jejaring Wacana; Discourse Coalition Framework; Metaphor; Discourse Coalition Framework; Storyline

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/jkg.v13i1.36954

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