PERBANDINGAN PEMBERIAN DEXAMETHASONE 10 MG INTRAVENA DAN LIDOCAINE SPRAY PADA TINGKAT KENYAMANAN PASCA INTUBASI ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE DI RSUD ARIFIN ACHMAD PROVINSI RIAU
Abstract
Abstrak. Penelitian ini berjudul perbandingan tingkat kenyamanan pasca pembiusan umum dengan endotracheal tube antara pemberian dexametasone intravena dan lidocaine spray di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau. Tingkat kenyamanan berupa nyeri tenggorok pada pasien yang menjalani pembiusan umum dengan intubasi endotrakeal dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal yaitu obat-obatan yang diberikan, teknik insersi, tekanan cuff dan manajemen setelah insersi.Nyeri tenggorok pada pasien yang menjalani anestesi umum dengan intubasi endotrakeal pada umumnya tidak berakibat fatal dan akan menghilang dalam 48-72 jam setelah operasi tetapi hal ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan yang cukup berarti bagi pasien, menambah lama dan biaya rawatan pasien di rumah sakit serta meninggalkan kesan buruk terhadap operasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan randomized clinical controlled trial dengan rancangan eksperimental yang dilakukan pada 104 pasien yang menjalani anestesi umum dengan endotrakeal tube di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau pada bulan September-Oktober 2019. Pada hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pemberian dexametasone intravena sebelum tindakan intubasi endotrakeal lebih efektif dalam mencegah nyeri tenggorok pasca operasi dibandingkan lidocaine spray (19.2% untuk Dexametasone intravena dan 29.8% pada Lidocaine spray). Secara statistik, perbedaan kejadian nyeri tenggorok antara kelompok Dexametasone intravena dan Lidocaine spray adalah bermakna pada skoring 1 jam post operasi (p < 0.05) dan tidak bermakna pada skoring 24 jam post operasi (p>0.05). Insidensi nyeri tenggorok terbanyak berdasarkan usia adalah pada kelompok usia 46-55 tahun dan 55-65 tahun, berdasarkan jenis kelamin adalah lebih banyak pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki, dan lebih banyak pada pasien yang mempunyai riwayat merokok.
Kata kunci: nyeri tenggorok, dexametasone intravena, lidocaine spray, RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau
Abstract. This study is about the comparison of the level of comfort after general anesthesia with an endotracheal tube between administration of intravenous dexametasone and lidocaine spray in Arifin Achmad General Hospital of Riau Province. The level of comfort in the form of sore throat in patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation can be influenced by several things such as administration of drugs, insertion techniques, cuff pressure and management after insertion. Sore throat in patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is generally not fatal and will disappear within 48-72 hours after surgery but this can cause significant disruption to the patient, increase the length and cost of patient care in the hospital and leave bad impression from surgery. This study is a randomized clinical controlled trial with an experimental design conducted on 104 patients undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal tube at Arifin Achmad General Hospital in Riau Province in September-October 2019. The study found that administration of intravenous dexametasone before endotracheal intubation is more effective in preventing postoperative sore throat compared to lidocaine spray (19.2% for intravenous Dexametasone and 29.8% in Lidocaine spray). Statistically, the difference in the incidence of sore throat between the intravenous Dexametasone group and Lidocaine spray was significant at 1 hour postoperative scoring (p <0.05) and not significant at 24 hour postoperative scoring (p> 0.05). The highest incidence of sore throat by age is in the age group 46-55 years and 56-65 years, more frequent in women than men, and more frequent in patients who have a history of smoking.
Keywords: sore throat, intravenous dexametasone, lidocaine spray, Arifin Achmad General Hospital Riau Province
Keywords
References
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DOI: 10.24815/jks.v19i2.18064
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