Diet pasien penyakit jantung koroner
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penyakit jantung koroner adalah gangguan fungsi jantung karena pasokan darah dan oksigen yang tidak mencukupi sampai ke miokardium. Prevalensi penyakit jantung berdasarkan diagnosis dokter di Indonesia menurut data Riskesdas tahun 2018 adalah 1,5%. Etiologi penyakit jantung koroner secara luas dapat dikategorikan menjadi dua, yaitu faktor tidak dapat dimodifikasi dan yang dapat dimodifikasi. Adapun diet termasuk faktor risiko yang dapat dimodifikasi. Diet berhubungan secara langsung dengan kesehatan jantung karena pengaruhnya terhadap plak aterosklerotik, hipertensi, dan obesitas yang merupakan penyebab dari sebagian besar penyakit kardiovaskular. Meskipun penyakit ini tidak dapat disembuhkan,tetapi dengan pengobatan yang adekuat termasuk nutrisi yang optimal dapat membantu mengelola gejala dan mengurangi kemungkinan perburukan. Diet Mediterania telah terbukti berkaitan dengan luaran kesehatan kardiovaskular yang lebih baik, termasuk pengurangan bermakna secara klinis dalam tingkat penyakit jantung koroner.
Kata Kunci: Diet, Pasien, Jantung koroner
ABSTRACT
Coronary heart disease is a disorder of heart function due to inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to the myocardium. The prevalence of heart disease based on doctor's diagnosis in Indonesia according to the 2018 Riskesdas data is 1.5%. The etiology of coronary heart disease can be broadly categorized into two, namely non-modifiable and modifiable factors. The diet is a modifiable risk factor. Diet is directly related to heart health because of its effect on atherosclerotic plaque, hypertension, and obesity, which are the causes of most cardiovascular diseases. Although this disease cannot be cured, adequate treatment including optimal nutrition can help manage symptoms and reduce the chance of worsening. The Mediterranean diet has been shown to be associated with better cardiovascular health outcomes, including clinically significant reductions in coronary heart disease rates.
Keywords: Diet, Patient, Coronary heart diseaseReferences
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DOI: 10.24815/jks.v22i4.25104
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