Glaukoma Primer Sudut Terbuka

Arti Lukitasari

Abstract


Abstrak. Glaukoma primer sudut terbuka  bersifat progresif  ditandai dengan atrofi dan gaung Papil Saraf Optik serta hilangnya lapang pandang yang spesifik dimana tekanan intra okuler tinggi merupakan faktor risiko  utama. Pada pemeriksaan papil saraf optik berwarna pucat dan tergaung/ekskavasi, sel ganglion retina meneruskan rangsangan informasi penglihatan ke otak, tepi dengan ukuran yang tetap, sehingga bila gaung ekskavasi bertambah maka serabut saraf semakin terdesak ketepi dan serabut saraf akan rusak, sehingga fungsinya terganggu, kematian sel ganglion utama ini akan menyebabkan hilangnya lapang pandang. Penatalaksanaan glaukoma primer sudut terbuka bertujuan untuk menurunkan tekanan intra okuler, meningkatkan sirkulasi darah pada papil saraf optik dan mencegah meluasnya kematian sel ganglion retina  dengan obat-obatan,  argon laser, argon laser trabeculoplasty, serta bedah filtrasi (trabeculectomy) untuk mempertahankan fungsi penglihatan dan kualitas hidup.

Abstract. Primary open – angle glaucoma is characterized by progressive atrophy of the optic nerve and optic  disc basin and the loss of a specific field of view in which  the high  intra-ocular pressure is a major risk factor. On examination  of the optic nerve pale optic disc and experienced excavation, continued stimulation of retinal ganglion cell visual information to the brain, the edges with a fixed size, so that when the basin excavation will increase the damaged nerve fibers, so that its function is compromised, the main ganglion cell death will cause a loss of field of view. The management of primary open – angle glaucoma aims to lower the intra ocular pressure, improve blood circulation and the optic disc and optic nerve prevent widespread death of retinal ganglion cells with drugs, argon laser, argon laser trabeculoplasty, and surgical filtration (trabeculectomy) to preserve visual function  and quality of life.


Keywords


Glaukoma primer sudut terbuka; patofisiologi; penatalaksanaan Primary open – angle glaucoma; pathophysiology; therapy

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