PENGARUH TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA DI LUAR NEGERI DAN REMITANSI TERHADAP PDB PER KAPITA DI INDONESIA
Abstract
Money transfer or remittances is one of the main sources of international finance that sometimes exceed the flow of foreign direct investment. This research aims to observe the influence of TKI and the remittance to GDP per Capita in Indonesia by using time series data from the years 1990-2016. Method of the research used Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL). In Indonesia, the money transfer (remittance) is second after oil and gas (state budget sources or APBN). The result showed that the TKI and positive and significant influential remmitance to GDP per capita Indonesia. Although GDP per capita increased Indonesia result of remittance, but government should increase employment in Indonesia so that Indonesia does not labor must fight and work
abroad.
Keywords: Remittance, TKI, GDP Per capita, the ARDL.
Abstrak
Pengiriman uang (remitansi) merupakan salah satu sumber keuangan internasional utama yang terkadang melebihi arus investasi langsung asing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh TKI dan remitansi terhadap PDB Per Kapita di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data time series dari tahun 1990-2016. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu Autoregressive Distributed
Lagged (ARDL). Di Indonesia, pengiriman uang (remitansi) merupakan sumber APBN kedua setelah Migas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TKI dan remitansi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap PDB per kapita Indonesia. Meskipun PDB per Kapita Indonesia meningkat akibat dari remitansi, akan tetapi pemerintah harus meningkatkan lapangan pekerjaan di Indonesia agar tenaga kerja Indonesia tidak harus berjuang dan bekerja di luar negeri
Keywords
Full Text:
UntitledReferences
Adioetomo. 2010. Dasar-dasar Demografi edisi 2. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Empat.
Akay, Alpaslan, Corrado Giuletti, Juan D.Robalino dan Klaus F. Zimmermann. 2012.
“Remittances and Well Being among Rural to Urban Migrants in China”.
Discussion Paper No. 6631 Juni 2012.
Alkhathlan, A.Khalid. 2013. “The Nexus Between Remittances Outflows and Growth :A
Study Of Saudy Arabia” Journal Of King Saud Universit. Vol 33 No.2
Arsyad, Lincolin, 2004. Ekonomi Pembangunan, edisi 4, STIE YKPN, Yogyakarta
Avendanoa , Rolando.et al. 2011. Working Remittances Relevant For Credit Rating
Agencies? Review of Development Finance.vol 1 pages 57–78.
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2007.”Analisis Sensus Ekonomi 2006 Mengenai Ketenagakerjaan”
BNP2TKI. 2011. “Undang-Undang Penempatan dan Perlindungan TKI”. Artikel Petunjuk
Penempatan TKI.
BNP2TKI. 2011. “ Pengertian Tenaga Kerja Indonesia atau TKI”. Artikel Petunjuk Teknis
Penyuluhan Jabatan TKI.
Departemen ketenagakerjaan. 1994. ”Pedoman Penempatan Kerja Ke Luar Negeri”. Dirjen
Pembinaan Penempatan Tenga Kerja, (Jakarta), hal 04
Effendy, Handy. 2016. “Peran ILO (International Labor Organization) Dalam
Perlindungan Ketenagakerjaan Terhadap TKW (Tenaga Kerja Wanita) di
Malaysia”. Skripsi. Universitas Pasundan. Bandung
Goschin, Zizi. 2014. “Remittances as an economic development factor. Empirical evidence
from the CEE countries”. Procedia Economics and Finance Vol 10 pages 54 – 60
Giuliano, Paola. 2009.”Remittances Financial Development and Growth”. Journal
Development Economics. Vol 96 pages 144-152
Hoddinott,J. 1994.Migration Accumulation and Old Age Security in Western Kenya.
University of Oxford
Marwana , Nur Fakhzan.et al. 2013.Export, Aid, Remittance and Growth: Evidence from
Sudan. Procedia Economics and Finance Vol 7 pages 3 – 10
Mayer, Dietmar. et al. 2016. The Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth: An
econometric model. Elsavier. Vol.2 pages 1-9
Mankiw, N. Gregory. 2004. Principles of Macroeconomics. Third Edition. Thomson South
Western.
Mulyadi, S. 2006.“Ekonomi Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Perspektif Pembangunan”. Raja
Grafindo Persada : Jakarta.
Muhdar. 2015.”Potret Ketenagakerjaan, Pengangguran dan Kemiskinan di
Indonesia”.Jurnal IAIN Gorontalo.vol 11 No.1.
Quartey, Peter. 2006. “The Impact of Migrant Remittances on Household Welfare in
Ghana”. AERC Research Paper 158 African Economic Research Consortium.
Nairobi.
Pengaruh Tenaga Kerja Indonesia ...
Ade Eka Afriska, T. Zulham, Taufiq C. Dawood
JURNAL PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI DARUSSALAM
Volume 4 Nomor 2, September 2018
ISSN. 2502-6976
Ratha D. 2003. “Workers’ Remittances: An Important and Stable Source of External
Development Finance.” In Global Development Finance 2003, (Washington:
World Bank).
Romdiati, Haning. 2012. Migrasi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia.Vol. VII, No.2, 2012
Rwelamira, Juliana and Johann Kirsten. 2000. The Impact of Migration and Remittances to
Rural Migration Sending Households : The Case of The Limpopo Province, South
Africa.
Sajogyo, Pudjiwati. 2004. “Faktor Pendorong dan Penarik TKI Bekerja ke Luar
Negeri”..Sosiologi Pedesaan Jilid 2. Gadjah Mada University : Yogyakarta. hal 45
Simanjuntak, Payaman. 1998. “Pengantar Ekonomi Sumber Daya Manusia”. Fakultas
Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia :Jakarta
Stratana, Alexander. et al 2012. “Economic consequences of remittances.Case of
Moldova”. Procedia Economics and Finance. Vol 3 pages 1191 – 1195
Tahir, Muhammad. et al. 2015. Foreign Remittances, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign
Imports and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis. Arab Economic
and Business Journal.Vol10 pages 82–89
Todaro, Michael P and Stephen C Smith.2006. Pembangunan Ekonomi Edisi Kesembilan
Diterjemahkan oleh Drs Haris Munandar, MA dan Puji Al,SE dari Buku Economic
Dev. Nith Edition. Jakarta:Erlangga
Toreroa, Máximo. et al. 2015. To remit, or not to remit: that is the question. A remittance
field experiment .USA Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Vol 112
pages 221–236
Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan.
United Nations Population Division (2002). “International Migration 2002”
Wakayama, Yuka. 2015. “Can Remittances be the Source of GDP Growth in the
Developing Countries?” .Bachelor Thesis Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Waridin. 2002.”Beberapa Faktor yang mempengaruhi Migrasi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia
(TKI) ke Luar Negeri”.Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan. Vol.3 No.2 Desember
www.worldbank.org
www.bi.go.id
www.abs.gov.au
www.bps.go.id
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/jped.v4i2.12947
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 0 timesUntitled - 0 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 +6282160229553

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
________________________________________________________
Indexed by:
___________________________________________________________
Published by:
Islamic Economics Department
Economics and Business Faculty
Syiah Kuala University
Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh, Indonesia - 23111
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.