Pengaruh Substitusi Hijauan dan Konsentrat dengan Silase Daun dan Hay Ubi Kayu terhadap Produksi dan Kualitas Susu Sapi Perah Friesian Holstein
Abstract
ABSTRACT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh substitusi hijauan dengan silase daun ubi kayu (SDUK) dan konsentrat dengan hay ubi kayu difermentasi ragi (Habira) terhadap produksi susu, kualitas susu, dan efisiensi ekonomi sapi perah. Materi yang digunakan adalah lima (5) ekor sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) periode laktasi kedua (66±11 hari) dengan bobot badan 387,6±6,8 kg diberi perlakuan pakan dalam Rancangan Bujur Sangkar Latin 5 x 5. Perlakuannya adalah T0 (hijauan 60% + 20% konsentrat + 20% ampas tahu), T1 (hijauan 40% + 20% SDUK + 20% konsentrat + 20% ampas tahu), T2 (hijauan 40% + 20% SDUK + 15%. konsentrat + 20% ampas tahu + 5% Habira), T3 (40% hijauan + 20% SDUK + 15% konsentrat + 20% ampas tahu + 10% Habira) dan T4 (60% hijauan + 10% konsentrat + 20% limbah tahu + 10% Habira). Variabel yang diukur adalah indeks suhu kelembapan (THI), konsumsi pakan, produksi susu, kualitas susu, hubungan konsumsi protein dan total nutrien tercerna/total digestible nutrient (TDN) dengan produksi susu serta efisiensi pakan dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai THI yang diperoleh mengindikasikan sapi perah mengalami cekaman panas. Perlakuan T1, T2, T3 dan T4 berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan T0 dalam konsumsi nutrisi dan produksi susu, sedangkan komposisi susu tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan. Konsumsi protein dan TDN pakan memiliki hubungan linier dengan produksi susu (P<0,05). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (P>0,05) dalam efisiensi pakan dan ekonomis. Dapat disimpulkan SDUK dan Habira merupakan pengganti hijauan dan konsentrat yang baik untuk sapi perah laktasi.
(Effect of forage and concentrate substitution with cassava leaves silage and cassava hay on milk production and milk composition of Friesian Holstein dairy cows)
ABSTRAK. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of forage replacement by cassava leaves silage (CLS) and commercial concentrate by yeast fermented cassava hay (Yefecah) on the production and quality of milk and economic evaluation. Five, early on the second lactation cycle (66±11 day in milk) Holstein Friesian cows were randomly assigned to a 5 (treatments) x 5 (replications). Treatments were T0 (60% forage + 20% concentrate + 20% tofu waste), T1 (40% forage + 20% CLS + 20 % concentrate + 20% tofu waste), T2 (40% forage + 20 % CLS + 15% concentrate + 20% tofu waste + 5% Yefecah), T3 (40% forage + 20 % CLS + 15% concentrate + 20% tofu waste + 10% Yefecah) and T4 (60% forage + 10% concentrate + 20% tofu waste + 10% Yefecah). Variables measured were temperature-humidity index (THI), feed intake, milk production, milk composition, interrelationship crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) supply to milk production, and economic factors. The Result shows that T1, T2, T3, and T4 were significantly (P<0.05) from T0 on nutrients intake and milk production. Whilst, the treatments were not significant (P>0.05) affect to 4% fat corrected milk (FCM) and milk quality with T2 and T3 obtained the best value. The variables of CP and TDN intake have a positive relationship to milk production (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in (P>0.05) in feed and economical efficiency. It could be concluded that cassava foliage silage and yefecah were the good replacement of forage and concentrate for dairy cows.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adi, D.S., Harjanti, D.W., Hartanto. R., 2020. Evaluasi konsumsi protein dan energi terhadap produksi susu sapi perah awal laktasi. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia. 22: 292-305. DOI: 10.25077/jpi.22.3.292-305.2020.
Asminaya, N.S., Purwanto, B.P., Ridwan, W.A., Atabany A., 2017. Milk yield and nutrient adequacy of lactating dairy cow fed based on tofu waste, soybean hulls and straw. Int. J. Sci. Res. 6: 951–956. DOI: 10.21275/ART20174879.
Brun-Lafleur, L., Delaby, L., Husson, F., Faverdin, P., 2010. Predicting energy × protein interaction on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93: 4128–4143. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2669.
(BSN) Badan Standarisasi Nasional, 2011. SNI 3141.1:2011 Susu segar-Bagian 1: Sapi. Standar Nasional Indonesia, 1–4.
Buza, M.H., Holden, L.A., White, R.A., Ishler, V.A., 2014. Evaluating the effect of ration composition on income over feed cost and milk yield. J. Dairy Sci. 97(5). 3073–3080. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3168/jds.2013-7622.
Casper, D.P., 2008. Factors affecting feed efficiency of dairy cows. Tri-State Dairy Nutrition. Agri-King Inc. Fulton.
(Ditjen PKH), Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan, 2020. Populasi sapi perah menurut Provinsi 2015-2019. Kementan RI.
Habeeb, A., A., 2020. Impact of Climate Change in Relation to Temperature-Humidity Index on Productive and Reproductive Efficiency of Dairy Cattle. Int. J. Vet. Anim Med. 3: 1-10. DOI: 10.31021/ijvam.20203124.
Hartadi, H., Reksohadiprodjo, S., Tillman, A.D., 1997. Tabel komposisi pakan untuk Indonesia. Cet. ke-4. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Hasanah, U., Permana, I.G., Despal., 2017. Introduction of complete ration silage to substitute the conventional ration at traditional dairy farms in lembang. Pak. J. Nutr. 16: 577–587. DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2017.577.587.
Igono, M.O., Bjotvedt, G., Sanford-Crane. H.T., 1992. Environmental profile and critical temperature effects on milk production of Holstein cows in desert climate. Int. J. Biometeorol. 36: 77–87.
Jamil, S.S., Bujang, A., 2016. Nutrient and antinutrient composition of different variety of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaves. Jurnal Teknologi. 78: 59–63. DOI: 10.11113/jt.v78.9024.
Kavana, P.Y., Mtunda, K., Abass, A., Rweyendera, V., 2005. Promotion of cassava leaves silage utilization for smallholder dairy production in Eastern coast of Tanzania. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 17:62. http:// www. lrrd. org/ lrrd17/ 6/kava17062.html.
Lestari, D.A., Abdullah, L., Despal., 2015. Comparative study of milk production and feed efficiency based on farmers best practices and national research council. Media Peternakan. 38: 110–117. DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2015.38.2.110
Linn J., 2006. Feed Efficiency : Its economic impact in lactating dairy cows. WCDS Advances in Dairy Technology. 18: 19–28.
Mariana, E., Sumantri, C., Astuti, D.A., Anggraeni, A., Gunawan, A., 2019. Mikroklimat, termoregulasi dan produktivitas sapi perah Friesians Holstein pada ketinggian tempat berbeda. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis. 6: 70-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jitro.v6i1.5617.
Modesto, E.C., Santos, G.T., Damasceno, J.C., Cecato, U., Vilela, D., Silva, D.C., Matsushita. M., 2009. Substitution of pasture by cassava foliage silage in the diet of dairy cows: production and quality of milk and milkfat. Arq. Bras. Med. Ve.t Zootec. 61: 174–181.
Nguyen, T.H.L., Ngoan, L.D., Bosch, G., Verstegen, M.W.A., Hendricks, W.H., 2012. Ileal and total tract apparent crude protein and amino acid digestibility of ensiled and dried cassava leaves and sweet potato vines in growing pig. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 172: 171–179. DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.11.009.
NRC, 2001. Nutrient Requirement of Dairy Cattle. National Academi Press. Washington DC.
Polyorach, S., Wanapat, M., Wanapat, S., 2013. Enrichment of protein content in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) by supplementing with yeast for use as animal feed. Emir. J. Food Agric. 25: 142–149. DOI: 10.9755/ejfa.v25i2.10649.
Pragna, P, Archana, P.R., Aleena, J., Sejian, V., Krishnan, G., Bagath, M., Bhatta, R., 2016. Heat stress and dairy cow: Impact on both milk yield and composition. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 12: 1–11. DOI: 10.3923/ijds.2016.
Santos, G.T.D., Modesto, E.C., de Souza, N.E., Ítavo, L.C.V., Jobim, C.C., da Silva-Kazama, D.C., Massuda, E.M., 2009. Replacement of corn silage with cassava foliage silage in the diet of lactating dairy cows: Milk composition and economic evaluation. Braz. Arch. Biol. Techno. 52: 259–267. DOI: 10.1590 /S1516-89132009000700033.
Sengsayalth, P., Preston, T.R., 2017. Effect of protein-enriched cassava pulp on grow and feed conversion in Moo Laat pigs. Livest Res. Rural Dev. 29: 178. https:// www.l rrd.org. /lrrd29/9/pom29178.html.
Sudarman, A., Hayashida, M., Puspitaning, I.R., Jayanegara, A., Shiwachi, H., 2016. The use of cassava leaf silage as a substitute for concentrate feed in sheep. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 48: 1509–1512. DOI 10.1007/s11250-016-1107-5
Suherman, D., 2014. Efek waktu pemberian pakan dan level energi terhadap cekaman panas Berdasarkan suhu rektal dan kulit sapi dara Fries Holland. Jurnal Sain Peternakan Indonesia. 9: 117–129. https://doi.org/ 10.31186/jspi.id.9.2.117-129.
Susanty, H., Purwanto, B.P., Sudarwanto, M., Atabany, A., 2018. Agroclimatic effects on milk production and sub-clinical mastitis prevalence in dairy cattle. J. Indonesia Trop. Anim. Agric. 42: 373–382. DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.43.4.373-382
Wanapat, M., Kang, S., 2015. Cassava chip (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as an energy source for ruminant feeding. Anim. Nutr. 1: 266–270. http: //dx. doi. org/ 10. 1016/ j.aninu.2015.12.001.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v22i1.20512
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 0 timesPDF - 0 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Agripet
License URL: http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/agripet/about/submissions#copyrightNotice
Copyright© 2000-2024 | ISSN: 1411-4623 | EISSN: 2460-4534
Jurnal Agripet is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Published by:
Animal Husbandry Department, The Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala
associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia (HILPI).
Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Kopelma Darussalam,
Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
Phone: +62-81383736633
Email: jurnalagripet@usk.ac.id
Online Submissions & Guidelines | Editorial Policies | Contact | Statistics | Indexing | Citations