Pemanfaatan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular Spesifik Lokasi dan Pupuk Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit pada Tanah Ultisol terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
Abstract
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) spesifik lokasi dan pupuk kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) serta interaksi antara FMA dan kompos TKKS pada tanah Ultisol terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Alur Tani II Kecamatan Tamiang Hulu Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, Penelitian berlangsung dari Bulan Juni 2015 sampai dengan Mei 2016. Lokasi penelitian memiliki jenis tanah Ultisol. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan 3 ulangan, ada dua faktor yang diteliti yaitu fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) spesifik lokasi dan pupuk kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Faktor dosis FMA spesifik lokasi terdiri empat taraf yaitu: 0, 50, 100 dan 150 g/tan dan faktor dosis pupuk kompos TKKS yang terdiri dari tiga taraf yaitu : 30, 40 dan 50 kg/tan. Peubah yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah pelepah daun, diameter batang, serapan unsur hara N, P dan K, jumlah spora dan kolonisasi akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis FMA spesifik lokasi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah pelepah daun, diameter batang, serapan unsur hara N, P dan K dan akar terkolonisasi, tetapi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah spora. Pemberian dosis pupuk kompos TKKS mempengaruhi tinggi tanaman, jumlah pelepah daun, serapan unsur hara N dan jumlah spora, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap diameter batang, serapan hara P dan K dan kolonisasi akar. Tidak terdapaat interaksi antara pemberian dosis FMA spesifik lokasi dan pupuk kompos TKKS terhadap semua parameter pengaamatan
Utilization of Location-Specific Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Brunch Compost in Ultisol on the Growth of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)
Abstract: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of location-specific arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and oil palm empty fruit bunch compost (OPEFB) as well as the interaction between AMF and OPEFB compost in ultisol on the growth of oil palm. The experiment was carried out at Alur Tani II Village, Tamiang Hulu District, Aceh Tamiang Regency, from June 2015 to May 2016. The soil of the location was ultisol. The research design used was randomized block design (RBD) with a 4 x 3 factorial design with three replications. There were two tested factors: First, location-specific AMF dose (F), consisting of F0 = 0 g/plant, F1 = 50 g/plant, F2 = 100 g/plant, F3 = 150 g/plant; second, OPEFB compost dose (K), consisting of K1 = 30 kg/plant, K2 = 40 kg/plant, K3 = 50 kg/plant. The observed variables were plant height, number of fronds, trunk diameter, N, P and K nutrients absorption, number of spores, and root colonization. The research findings indicated that the location-specific AMF doses did not have any significant effect on plant height, number of fronds, trunk diameter, N, P and K nutrients absorption, and root colonized roots, though it did significantly affect the number of spores. The OPEFB compost doses affected plant height, number of fronds, N absorption, and number of spores but did not influence trunk diameter, P and K absorption, and root colonization. There was no interaction between the location-specific AMF and OPEFB compost doses on every observed parameter.
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