Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) Akibat Perbedaan Jarak Tanam dan Jumlah Benih per Lubang Tanam

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jarak tanam dan jumlah benih per lubang yang tepat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun serta untuk mengetahui interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh dari bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2009. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu jarak tanam (20 cm x 60 cm, 30 cm x 60 cm dan 40 cm x 60 cm) dan jumlah benih per lubang  (1, 2,dan 3 benih per lubang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jarak tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap berat buah per tanaman, serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang buah.  Buah per tanaman terberat dan terpanjang diperoleh pada jarak tanam 40 cm x 60 cm. Jumlah benih per lubang berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap diameter buah dan berat buah per tanaman, serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang batang utama umur 15 HST dan jumlah buah per tanaman. Diameter buah terbesar dan buah per tanaman terberat dijumpai pada penggunaan 1 benih per lubang,  sedangkan   jumlah buah per tanaman terbanyak diperoleh pada penggunaan 3 benih per lubang. Terdapat interaksi yang tidak nyata antara jarak tanam dan jumlah benih per lubang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil mentimun.

Plant Growth and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Response to Different Spacing and Seed Numbers per Hole

ABSTRACT. The study was aimed at determining the right spacing and seed numbers per hole on growth and yield of cucumber plants and investigating interactions between the two factors. The study was conducted at the Experiment Station of Agriculture Faculty of Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh from October to December 2009. Experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) 3 x 3 with three replications. Factors studied were plant spacing (20 cm x 60 cm, 30 cm x60 cm, and 40 cm x 60 cm) and seed numbers per hole (1, 2, and 3 seeds per hole). Results showed that plant spacing exerted a highly significant effect on fruit weight per plant and a significant effect on fruit length. The best fruit weight and length were obtained at a spacing of  40 cm x 60 cm. Seed numbers exerted highly significant effects on fruit diameter and fruit weight per plant and significant effects on main stem length at age 15 days after planting and fruit numbers per plant. The best fruit diameter and fruit weight per plant were found at 1 seed  per hole, while the best fruit numbers per plant was obtained at 3 seeds per hole. There was no significant interaction between plant spacing and seed numbers per hole on growth and yield of cucumber.