Efektivitas BioPriming Trichoderma harzianum dan Aplikasi Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr.)

Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan agen hayati Trichoderma harzianum pada perlakuan benih (Biopriming) dan aplikasi pupuk Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kedelai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala dan Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh, yang berlangsung pada November 2020 sampai Februari 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama biopriming T.harzianum yaitu B₀: tanpa Trichoderma harzianum, B₁: benih disemprot T. harzianum, B₂: benih direndam T. harzianum, B₃: benih dicampur T. harzianum + arang sekam. Faktor kedua yaitu dosis pupuk kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (K) yaitu K₀: 0  ton ha^-1, K₁: 10 ton ha^-1, K₂: 20 ton ha^-1, K₃: 30 ton ha^-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan Biopriming T. harzianum berpengaruh sangat nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman umur 14, 28, dan 42 HST, jumlah cabang 28 HST dan 42 HST (cabang), jumlah cabang produktif (cabang), bobot brangkasan kering (g), jumlah polong bernas (buah), bobot kering biji per tanaman (gram), dan potensi hasil (ton ha^-1). Perlakuan aplikasi pupuk Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) berpengaruh sangat nyata pada parameter bobot brangkasan kering (g), jumlah polong hampa (buah) dan jumlah polong bernas (buah) serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman 14 HST (cm), bobot kering biji per tanaman (g), potensi hasil (ton ha^-1). Pada interaksi antara perlakuan biopriming T. harzianum dan dosis pupuk TKKS berpengaruh sangat nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman 14 HST (cm) dan bobot kering biji per tanaman (g) serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter bobot brangkasan kering (g) dan jumlah polong bernas (buah).

Effectiveness of BioPriming Trichoderma harzianum and Application of Palm Empty Bunch Compost Fertilizer (PEBC) on The Growth And Production of Soybean Crops (Glycine max L. Merr.)

Abstract. This study aims to determine the influence of the use of bio-agent Trichoderma harzianum on seed treatment (Biopriming) and application of Palm Empty Bunch Compost fertilizer (PEBC) on the growth and production of soybean crops. This research was conducted in The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology, Plant Disease Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University and Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala Darussalam University Banda Aceh, which took place from November 2020 to February 2021. This research use Randomized Block Design Factorial with 2 factors and 3 replicate. The first factor is B₀: without Trichoderma harzianum, B₁: seeds sprayed T. harzianum, B₂: seeds soaked T. harzianum, B₃: mixed seeds T. harzianum + charcoal husks. The second factor is the dose of palm oil empty bunch compost fertilizer (K) namely K₀: 0 tons ha^-1, K₁: 10 tons ha^-1, K₂: 20 tons ha^-1, K₃: 30 tons ha^-1. The results showed that the treatment of biopriming T. harzianum had a very noticeable effect on the parameters of high plant age 14, 28, and 42 DAP (Days After Planting), the number of branches 28 DAP and 42 DAP (branches), the number of productive branches (branches), the weight of dry stover (g), the number of hot pods (fruit), the dry weight of seeds per plant (g), and the potential yield (ton ha^-1). The treatment of palm oil empty bunch compost application (PEBC) has a very noticeable effect on the parameters of dry stover weight (g), the number of empty pods (fruit) and the number of hot pods (fruit) and has a noticeable effect on the parameters of plant height of 14 DAP (cm), dry weight of seeds per plant (grams), potential yield (ton ha^-1). In the interaction between the treatment of biopriming T. harzianum and the dose of fertilizer PEBC has a very noticeable effect on the parameters of plant height 14 DAP (cm) and dry weight of seeds per plant (g) and has a noticeable effect on the parameters of dry stover weight (grams) and the number of hot pods (fruit).