PENGARUH LAMA PENCAHAYAAN DAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH AUKSIN (2,4-D DAN IAA) TERHADAP INDUKSI KALUS DAUN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin BENTH.) SECARA IN VITRO
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama pencahayaan dan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) terhadap induksi kalus daun tanaman nilam secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman Jurusan Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh yang berlangsung sejak April sampai Agustus 2021. Dua faktor yang digunakan antara lain lama pencahayaan yaitu 12 jam terang+12 jam gelap dan 24 jam gelap yang kemudian dikombinasikan dengan 10 konsentrasi auksin 2,4-D dan IAA yaitu masing-masing sebesar 0 mg L-1,0,25 mg L-1,0,50 mg L-1, 0,75 mg L-1, dan 1 mg L-1.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kalus daun nilam yang terbentuk pada pencahayaan 12 jam terang + 12 jam gelap sebesar 45 % dan pada 24 jam gelap 43,34%. Penggunaan ZPT 2,4-D memberikan persentase hasil terbaik pada konsentrasi 0,25 mg L-1 2,4-D yaitu sebesar 66,7%. Sedangkan penggunaan ZPT IAA memberikan persentase tertinggi pada konsentrasi 0,75 mg L-1 IAA. Kalus yang muncul pada ZPT 2,4-D berwarna coklat dengan tekstur remah. Sedangkan pada ZPT IAA, kalus yang terbentuk berwarna hijau dan bertekstur kompak. Tidak dijumpai adanya interaksi yang nyata antara kedua faktor lama pencahayaan dengan konsentrasi ZPT auksin (2,4-D dan IAA), namun kalus eksplan terbentuk dengan baik pada keadaan cahaya 24 jam gelap dengan konsentrasi 0,75 mg L-1 IAA serta akar eksplan tanaman nilam terbentuk dengan baik pada keadaan 24 jam gelap dengan konsentrasi 0,75 mg L-1 IAA.
The Effect of Photoperiod and Auxins Plant Growth Regulators (2,4-D and IAA) to Callus Induction of Patchouli Leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) under In Vitro Condition
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted with aimed to determine the photoperiod effect and concentration of growth regulators (PGR) on callus induction of patchouli in vitro. This study was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh which was carried out start from April to August 2021. The two factors being used was photoperiod duration, namely 12 hours of light + 12 hours dark and 24 hours dark which is then combined with 10 concentration of Auxin 2,4-D and IAA which both consisted of 10 treatment levels, namely 0 mg L-1,0,25 mg L-1,0,50 mg L-1, 0,75 mg L-1, dan 1 mg L-1. The results showed that the callus of patchouli leaves formed at 12 hours of light + 12 hours of darkness was 45% and 43.34% at 24 hours of darkness. The use of ZPT 2,4-D gave the best percentage of yield at a concentration of 0.25 mg L-1 2,4-D which was 66.7%. While the use of ZPT IAA gave the highest percentage of 83.3% at a concentration of 0.75 mg L-1 IAA. The callus formed on 2,4-D ZPT was brown with a friable texture. While in IAA ZPT, the callus formed was green and had a compact texture. There was no significant interaction between the length of lighting treatment and the concentration of ZPT auxin (2,4-D and IAA), but callus explants formed well in 24-hour dark light with a concentration of 0.75 mg L-1 IAA and root of patchouli plant explants. formed well in the dark 24 hours with a concentration of 0.75 mg L-1 IAA.
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agrista.v26i2.25334
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