Pengaruh Pemberian Jenis Mikoriza Dan Dosis pupuk NPK Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annum L.)
Abstract
Tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi di indonesia Produksi cabai di Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun terahir mengalami penurunan upaya peningkatan produksi cabai merah terus dilakukan untuk tetap dapat mengimbangi permintaan konsumen, upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan pemberian pupuk, baik itu pupuk organik maupun pupuk anorganik contohnya pupuk hayati mikoriza dan pupuk NPK. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mikoriza dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Sangir Gayo Lues dan Laboratorium Hortikultura, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari November 2021- Maret 2022. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu jenis mikoriza yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu mikoriza jenis Gigaspora sp, Glomus moseae dan campuran serta dosis pupuk NPK terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu 0, 1, 1.5, dan 2 gr tanaman-1. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah buah per tanaman, panjang buah, berat buah, persentase akar terkolonisasi mikoriza dan berat basah akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jenis mikoriza berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 15, 30 HSPT, diameter batang umur 15 HSPT, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah buah per tanaman, panjang buah dan berat buah per tanaman serta berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase akar terkolonisasi mikoriza dan berat basah akar. Pada perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap jumlah buah per tanaman dan berat buah pertanaman. Pertumbuhan dan hasil terbaik dijumpai pada jenis mikoriza campuran dan dosis pupuk NPK 2 g tanaman-1 . Terdapat interaksi yang nyata andara jenis mikoriza dan dosis pupuk NPK terhadap berat buah per tanaman.
Effect of type Mycorrhizal and Dosage of NPK Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Chili (Capsicum annum L.)
Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a horticultural commodity that has high economic value in Indonesia. Chili production in Indonesia in the last 2 years has decreased. Efforts to increase red chili production have continued to be made to keep pace with consumer demand. efforts that can be made is by applying fertilizers, both organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, for example, mycorrhizal biological fertilizers and NPK fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mycorrhizal species and NPK fertilizer dosage on the growth and yield of chili plants. This research was conducted in Sangir Gayo Lues Village and the Horticulture Laboratory, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, This study was conducted from November 2021- March 2022. The design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design. The factors studied were the types of mycorrhizae which consisted of 3 levels, namely mycorrhizal species Gigaspora sp, Glomus moseae and mixtures and doses of NPK fertilizer consisting of 4 levels namely 0, 1, 1.5, and 2 g of tanaman-1. Parameters observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of productive branches, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit weight, percentage of mycorrhizal colonized roots and root fresh weight. The results showed that the type of mycorrhizal treatment had a very significant effect on plant height at 15, 30 HSPT, stem diameter at 15 HSPT, number of productive branches, number of fruits per plant, fruit length and fruit weight per plant as well as significant effect on the percentage of mycorrhizal colonized roots and root fresh weight. In the treatment of NPK fertilizer doses it had a very significant effect on the number of fruits per plant and the weight of the fruit plants. The best growth and yield were found in mixed mycorrhizal species and NPK fertilizer dose of 2 g plant-1. There was a significant interaction between mycorrhizal species and the dose of NPK fertilizer on fruit weight per plant.
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agrista.v26i3.30927
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