Prediksi Hasil Limpasan Permukaan dan Laju Erosi dari Sub DAS Krueng Jreu Menggunakan Model SWAT

T. Ferijal

Abstract


ABSTRAK. Besarnya limpasan permukaan dan laju erosi Sub DAS Krueng Jreu (SDKJ) Aceh Besar telah diprediksikan dengan menggunakan model hidrologi SWAT. Dalam penelitian ini juga disimulasikan dampak perubahan curah hujan dan tata guna lahan terhadap limpasan permukaan dan laju erosi. Perubahan curah hujan yang disimulasikan adalah peningkatan curah hujan sebesar 5, 10, 15 dan 20% sedangkan untuk perubahan tata guna lahan disimulasikan dengan cara mengkonversikan 5, 10, 15 dan 20% lahan kosong dalam SDKJ menjadi areal perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kalibrasi model dilakukan dengan membandingkan debit simulasi dengan debit hasil pencatatan pada stasiun debit. Hasil kalibrasi menunjukkan bahwa model SWAT memiliki kinerja yang baik dalam memprediksikan limpasan permukaan dengan nilai parameter kinerja ENS = 0.71; R2 = 0.77 dan PBIAS = 6.30. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa besarnya erosi yang terjadi sangat tergantung pada besarnya aliran permukaan, semakin tinggi aliran permukaan maka semakin tinggi laju erosi. Peningkatan 1% curah hujan akan meningkatkan 2.4% limpasan permukaan dan 2.3% laju erosi. Setiap perubahan 1% luas lahan terbuka menjadi lahan perkebunan sawit menyebabkan penurunan terhadap aliran permukaan dan laju erosi berturut-turut sebesar 0.2 dan 0.6%.


Predicting Runoff and Erosion Rate from Krueng Jreu Subwatershed Using SWAT Model

ABSTRACT. The yield of surface runoff and erosion from Krueng Jreu Subwatershed (SDKJ) Aceh Besar were predicted using SWAT model. In this study, impact of precipitation and land use change on surface runoff and erosion were also investigated. Change in precipitation was simulated by increasing 5, 10, 15, and 20% of precipitation while change in land use was simulated by converting 5, 10, 15, and 20% of existing short grass area into palm oil plantation. Model calibration was performed by comparing simulated and observed discharge. Calibration result suggested that model has good performance with ENS = 0.71; R2 = 0.77 and PBIAS = 6.30. Erosion rate highly depends on surface runoff, the more surface runoff the higher rate of erosion. Increasing 1% of precipitation produced an increase in 2.4% of surface runoff and 2.3% of erosion rate. Converting 1% of short grass area into palm oil plantation caused a decrease in surface runoff and erosion rate by 0.2% and 0.6%, respectively.


Keywords


Model SWAT; laju erosi; Sub DAS Krueng Jreu; SWAT model; erosion rate; Krueng Jreu Subwatershed

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agrista.v16i1.680

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