Kandungan senyawa polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbon dalam air laut dan sedimen di Teluk Lampung
Abstract
Abstract. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) are polycyclic aromatic organic compounds that are toxic to humans and aquatic organisms. This research aims to determine the level of pollution of PAH compounds in seawater and sediments in Lampung Bay, Lampung. This research was conducted by survey method in November 2018. Sediments and seawater samples were taken using water and sediment sampling equipment. Sediment and seawater samples were taken at three and two research stations. The levels and types of PAH compounds were determined by using Gas Mass Spectrometry Chromatography and their sources using individual ratio diagnostic methods. The results showed that the levels of PAH total in seawater ranged 295,587-331,133 ppb, this level is relatively high and has passed the threshold values set by the Decision Letter of the Office of the State Minister of Environment No 51, 2004 for marine biota protection, while in the sediments range 51.481-62.448 ppb, this level is relatively small and still in accordance with the criteria for marine life. The results of individual ratios diagnosis analysis indicate that PAHs in seawater and sediment come from various sources, namely petroleum, burning of petroleum and burning of organic matter.
Keywords: Lampung Bay, sediment, seawater, PAH
Abstrak. Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (PAH) merupakan senyawa organik aromatik polisiklik yang bersifat toksik terhadap manusia dan organisme perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pencemaran senyawa PAH dalam air laut dan di sedimen Teluk Lampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei pada bulan November 2018. Contoh air laut dan sedimen diambil dengan menggunakan alat pengambil contoh air dan sedimen. Contoh air laut diambil pada dua stasiun dan sedimen pada tiga stasiun penelitian. Kadar dan jenis senyawa PAH ditentukan dengan menggunakan Kromatografi Gas-Spektrometer Massa dan sumbernya dengan metode diagnosa rasio individu. Hasilnya menunjukkan kadar total PAH dalam air laut berkisar 295,587-331,133 ppb, kadar ini relatif tinggi dan telah melewati nilai ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004 untuk kepentingan biota laut, sedangkan pada sedimen berkisar 51,481-62,448 ppb, kadar ini relatif kecil dan masih sesuai dengan kriteria untuk kehidupan biota laut. Hasil analisis diagnosa rasio individu menunjukkan bahwa PAH dalam air laut dan sedimen berasal dari berbagai sumber yakni minyak bumi, pembakaran minyak bumi, dan pembakaran bahan organik.
Kata Kunci: Teluk Lampung, sedimen, air laut, PAHFull Text:
PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.8.1.13268
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Faculty of Marine and Fisheries
Universitas Syiah Kuala
Jalan Meureubo No. 1, Kopelma Darussalam
Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
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