Pengaruh tinggi tempat terhadap tingkat serangan hama penggerek buah kakao (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellan) di Kabupaten Pidie

Syarkawi Syarkawi, Husni Husni, Muhammad Sayuthi

Abstract


Effect of the Altitude on the Level of Cocoa Pod Borer (Conopomorpha Cramerella Snellen) Attack in Pidie District

ABSTRACT. This study aims to look at the effect of altitude on the level of pest infestation C. cramerella, so getting information as a data source control of pests C. cramerella future. This study was conducted in garden cocoa folk in Pidie district, starting from January to March 2015. This study used survey method. Factors examined in this study was the effect of altitude on the level of C. cramerella attack, carried out with purposive sampling method. Altitude is divided into four categories (A = 0-200 m dpl, B = 201-400 m dpl, C = 401-600 m dpl, dan D = 601-800 m dpl). Altitude affects the level of attacks pests C. cramerella, the highest attack at the location A to 76.77%, and attacks decreased in the location D is 31%. PBK altitude affects the population, the highest population found in the location A with an average 328.60 compared to the location D is only 95.80. There is a positive correlation between the temperature with an attack percentage of fruit and pests C. cramerella population, but the humidity showed a negative correlation to the percentage of fruit attacks and pests C. cramerella populations.

Keywords


Altitude place; Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen; Cocoa

Full Text:

PDF

References


Baharudin, M. Alwi, M, S. Ruku, Syamsiar, Sahardi. 2004. Pengendalian Hama Penggerek Buah Kakao (Conopomorpha cramerella Snell). Petunjuk Teknis Rakitan Teknologi : 30-42.

BPS. 2012. Aceh Dalam Angka 2012. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Aceh, Banda Aceh.

Capinera, J.L. 2012. Sweetpotato Weevil, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Brentidae (Curculionidae)). https://edis.ifas.ufl. edu/in154 capinera spw1.

Dinas Perkebunan. 2013. Statistik Perkebunan Aceh. Dinas Perkebunan Aceh, Banda Aceh.

Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan. 2008. Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman Utama Kakao dan Upaya Penanggulangannya di Indonesia.. Departemen Pertanian, Jakarta.

Duyck PF, Kouloussis NA, Papadopoulos NT, Quilici S, Wang JL, Jiang CR, Muller HG, Carey JR. 2010. Lifespan of a Ceratitis fruit fly increases with higher altitude. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 101:345–350. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095- 8312.2010.01497.x.

Gillot,C. 1982. Entomology.University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. Plennum Press.New York and London.

Handoko. 1995. Klimatologi Dasar, Landasan Pemahaman Fisika Atmosfer dan Unsur-Unsur Iklim. IPB, Bogor.

Hodkinson ID. 2005. Terrestrial insects along elevation gradients: species and community responses to altitude. Biology Review 80:489–513. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S146479310 5006767.

Hoiss B, Krauss J, Potts SG, Roberts S, Dewenter IS. 2012. Altitude acts as an environmental filter on phylogenetic composition, traits and diversity in bee communities. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 279:4447-4456. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.15 81.

Jumar. 2010.Entomologi Pertanian.Rineka Cipta. Jakarta

Lim, G.T. 1992. Seasonal Fluctuation of CocoaPodborer Conophomorpha cranerella Sn. InTaiwan, Sabah Proc Int Conf P. Prot in theTropies (Extended Abstracts) Malysianplant Prot. Soc. (MAPPS). Kuala Lumpur.

Nainggolan, D. 2001. Aspek Ekologis Kultivar Buah Merah Panjang (Pandanus conoideus Lamk) di Daerah Dataran Rendah Manokwari. Manokwari: Jurusan Kehutanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cenderawasih.

Nietschke BS, Magarey RD, Borchert DM, Calvin DD, Jones E. 2007. A developmental database to support insect phenology models. Crop Protection 26:1444–1448. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2006 .12.006.

Rahayu, E. 2012. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kehidupan Serangga. http://kuliahagribisniselin.blogspot.co m/faktor-faktor-yangmempengaruhi. html

Ridwar dan Abrar. 2006. Pengaruh Penurunan Tekanan Udara terhadap Suhu Keluar mesin Pendingin. Malang: Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Rockstein, M.1973.The Physiology of insecta.Academic Press.New York and London.

Sangadji, S. 2001. Pengaruh Iklim Tropis di Dua Ketinggian Tempat yang Berbeda Terhadap Potensi Hasil Tanaman Soba (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). Tesis. IPB, Bogor.

Schowalter, T.D. 1996. Insect Ecology an Ecosystem Approach. Academic Press. New York.

Sodiq, M. 1993. Aspek biologi dan sebaran populasi lalat buah pada tanaman mangga dalam kaitannya dengan pengembangan model pengendalian hama terpadu. Disertasi Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Airlangga.

Shi P, Zhong L, Sandhu HS, Ge F, Xu X, Chen W. 2011. Population decrease of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera Pyralidae) under climate warming. Ecologi and Evolution 2:58– 64. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.69.

Sulistyowati and Sulistyowati, E. 2003. Pengaruh serangan hama penggerek buah kakao (PBK) terhadap mutu biji kakao. Warta Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao, 15: 29–36.

Sulistyowati, E. 2003. Keefektifan Beuveria bassiana isolat Bby-725 terhadap penggerek buah kakao, Conopomorpha cramerella Snell. Pelita Perkebunan

Thomson LJ, Macfadyen S, Hoffmann AA. 2010. Predicting the effects of climate change on natural enemies of agricultural pests. Biological Control 52:296–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2 009.01.022.

Trnka M, Muskab F, Semeradovaa D, Dubrovsky M, Kocmankovaa E, Zaluda Z. 2007. European corn borer life stage model: regional estimates of pest development and spatial distribution under present and future climate. Ecological Modelling 207:61– 84. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.ecol model.2007.04.014.

Ysvina. 2010. Hubungan Cuaca dan Hama. Ysvina.blogspot.com/2010/06/hubung an cuaca dan hama.html.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/floratek.v10i2.3062

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 0 times
PDF - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN / E-ISSN: 1907-2686 / 2597-9108
Copyright © 2024 Departemen Agroteknologi
Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala.