SALIVA SEBAGAI SUMBER DNA GENOM MANUSIA
Abstract
Genome is the entire DNA in a cell, containing the entire DNA sequence as a whole. The human genome contains complete information about human biology such as metabolism, physiology, cellular biology, pathology including infectious diseases, evolution, and so on. Saliva is a body fluid that comes from salivary glands and contains cells and flora that can be used to detect diseases. The presence of oral microorganisms and proteins including proteases in saliva poses a threat to the DNA of the human genome. Oral microorganisms contain enzymes that has ability in human DNA degradation. The use of commercial kit or addition of sterilizing agents into saliva is critical to preservation of human DNA. Salivary storage using commercial kits provides consistent results in both the amount and sterility of DNA, and can be stored for a long time. The use of saliva as a biological sample is very efficient and practical compared to blood, buccal swabs, and tissue biopsies. Saliva collection is non-invasive, does not require skilled personnel, and can be collected repeatedly without harming the subject, is not denatured (stable for 24 hours at room temperature) and stable for one week at 4°C. The challenge for researchers is a strategy for sterilizing saliva from molecules that may disrupts human DNA. Oral microorganisms can be killed using antimicrobials while DNAse activity can be minimized by the addition of DNAse inhibitors.
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References
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DOI: 10.24815/jks.v22i2.23266
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