Perbandingan tekanan intra okular sebelum dan setelah operasi fakoemulsifikasi pada pasien katarak senilis di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin
Abstract
Abstrak. Katarak senilis merupakan kekeruhan pada lensa mata yang terjadi pada usia di atas 50 tahun. Katarak yang menyebabkan kebutaan dapat dicegah dengan tindakan operasi. Metode operasi yang paling sering digunakan di Indonesia adalah fakoemulsifikasi. Salah satu komplikasi yang dapat terjadi setelah operasi katarak ialah peningkatan tekanan intra okular (TIO). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan TIO sebelum dan setelah operasi fakoemulsifikasi pada pasien katarak senilis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan pendekaran cross-sectional dengan teknik consecutive sampling dan jumlah sampel penelitian 25 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengumpulan data meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, TIO sebelum operasi, satu hari setelah operasi, dan satu pekan setelah operasi. Analisis statistik yang digunakan ialah uji t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa distribusi pasien katarak senilis tertinggi pada kelompok usia 60-69 tahun berjumlah 15 orang (60,0%) dan jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 18 orang (72,0%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan TIO sebelum dan satu hari setelah operasi fakoemulsifikasi pada pasien katarak senilis dengan p value 0,000 (p ≤ 0,05), namun tidak adanya perbedaan TIO sebelum dan satu pekan setelah operasi fakoemulsifikasi pada pasien katarak senilis dengan p value 0,440 (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini ialah peningkatan TIO terjadi pada satu hari setelah operasi dengan perbedaan yang signifikan dan penurunan TIO terjadi pada satu pekan setelah operasi yang hampir sama dengan nilai TIO sebelum operasi fakoemulsifikasi.
Kata Kunci: Katarak Senilis, Fakoemulsifikasi, Tekanan Intra Okular
Abstract. Senile cataract is a clouding of the eye lens that develops after the age of 50. Cataracts that cause blindness can be prevented by surgery. The most frequently used surgical method in Indonesia is phacoemulsification. One of the complications that can occur after cataract surgery is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). This study aims to determine the comparison of IOP before and after phacoemulsification surgery in senile cataract patients. This study was an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional approach with consecutive sampling techniques and a total sample of 25 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection included age, sex, and IOP before surgery, one day after surgery, and one week after surgery. The statistical analysis used was the paired t-test. The results of this study indicated that the highest distribution of senile cataract patients was in the age group of 60–69 years, with 15 people (60.0%) and men with 18 people (72.0%). Based on the results of the analysis, it was determined that there was a difference in IOP before and one day after phacoemulsification surgery in senile cataract patients with a p value of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05), but there was no difference in IOP before and one week after phacoemulsification surgery in senile cataract patients with a p value of 0.440 (p > 0.05). The conclusion in this study was that an increase in IOP occurred one day after surgery with a significant difference and that there was a decrease in IOP one week after surgery that was almost the same as the IOP value before phacoemulsification surgery.
Keywords: Senile Cataract, Phacoemulsification, Intra-Ocular Pressure
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DOI: 10.24815/jks.v23i1.31497
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