SEMISINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI ANTIMALARIA BARU TURUNAN EURIKUMANON
Abstract
Abstrak. Meluasnya penyebaran resistensi Plasmodium terhadap antimalaria merupakan permasalahan utama dalam pemberantasan malaria.Upaya cepat untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, salah satunya melalui penemuan dan pengembangan antimalaria barudari tumbuhan obat yang secara empiris telah terbukti khasiatnya. Eurikumanon dari akar tumbuhan Eurycoma longifolia, Jack telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antimalaria. Permasalahan dalam pengembangan eurikumanon dari bahan alam adalah biaya isolasi yang mahal, sehingga perlu usaha kreatif dan inovatif untuk mendapatkan turunannya. Semisintesis turunan eurikumanon merupakan langkah awal pengembangan eurikumanon menuju total sintesis guna memenuhi kebutuhan global. Penelitian ini menggunakan eurikumanon dari akar pasak bumi untuk semisintesis turunannya dengan menggunakan farmakofor tionil klorida, asetil klorida, asam klor asetat, asam triklor asetat dan asam trifluoro asetat. Struktur eurikumanon dan turunan hasil semisintesisditentukan secara analisis spektroskopi. Hasil ekstraksi serbuk akar pasak bumi, diperoleh ± 50 g (5%) ekstrak kental. Fraksinasi terhadap ekstrak tersebut secara kromatografi cair vakum (KCV) diperoleh fraksi terkonsentrasi eurikumanon 20 g (2%). Isolasi eurikumanon dari fraksi ini diperoleh eurikumanon 0,03%. Hasil semisintesis turunan eurikumanon diperoleh eurikumanon diklorida 60,10%, eurikumanon monoasetat55,25% , eurikumanon monoklor asetat 55,25%., eurikumanon monotriklor asetat 53,25% dan eurikumanon monotrifluoro asetat 75,65%.
Kata kunci: eurikumanon, semisintesis dan turunan eurikumanon
Abstract.The widespread of resistant Plasmodium to antimalarial is a mainly problem in treatment of malaria. The fast effort to overcome the problem is the discovery and development of new antimalarial from medicinal plant which is empirically proven. Eurycomanone from pasakbumi roots (Eurycoma longifolia, Jack) has been proven as antimalaria. The problem in development of eurycomanone is the high cost of isolation, therefore needed the creative and inovative effort for getting its derivatives by semisynthesis and total synthesis to fill the need of new antimalarial drugs globally. This research used isolated eurycomanone for semisynthesize its derivatives by using pharmacophore thionyl chloride, acetyl chloride, chloracetic acid, trichlor acetic acid and trifluoro acetic acid. The chemical stucture of them were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The result of extraction of pasak bumi roots is obtained ± 50 g (5%) thick extract. The fractination of this extract by vacum liquid chromatography (VLC) is obtained eurycomanone fraction ± 20 g (2%). Isolation of eurycomanone from this fraction is yielded eurycomanone ± 0,03%. Semisynthesis of eurycomanone derivatives were obtained eurycomanone dichloride 60,10%, eurycomanone monoacetic 55,25% , eurycmanone monochlor acetic 55,25%., eurycomanone monotrichlor acetic 53,25% and eurycomanonone monotrifluoro acetic 75,65%.
Keywords: eurycomanone, semisynthesis and eurycomanone derivatives
Keywords
References
Daftar Pustaka
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