Penggunaan Skala Stroke Syiah Kuala pada penderita stroke sebagai metode diagnosis yang cepat dan akurat

Syahrul Syahrul, Dessy R. Emril, Endang Meutiawati R, Suherman Suherman

Abstract


Abstrak.  Pencitraan CT scan merupakan standar baku emas dalam menentukan diagnosis dan jenis stroke. Hingga saat ini,  fasilitas CT scan baru tersedia di RSU Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh,  sedangkan pusat-pusat pelayanan kesehatan  tingkat kabupaten/kota lainnya di Aceh belum  memiliki  peralatan  yang  sangat penting  ini.  Untuk  itu diperlukan  sebuah panduan diagnosis berupa sebuah skala stroke yang cukup akurat, dan representatif untuk kondisi di Aceh saat ini. Sehingga dapat membantu menegakkan diagnosis dan jenis stroke dengan akurat dan cepat  seperti  layaknya hasil CT scan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sebuah panduan klinis berupa sebuah skala stroke yang dapat membantu menegakkan diagnosis dan jenis stroke dengan cepat dan akurat. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang yang dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan sebuah skala stoke untuk menentukan diagnosis dan jenis stroke. Dilakukan uji diagnostik untuk menilai kernampuan dari skala tersebut dalarn mendiagnosis jenis stroke dengan bairn emas hasil pemeriksaan CT scan  kepala.  Prediktor  independen  terhadap jenis  stroke  adalah  Skala Koma  Glasgow (p=0,0013),  nyeri kepala (p=0,22), muntah (p=0,014)  dan tekanan darah diastolik (p=0,024). Skala prediktor jenis stroke adalah total nilai masing-masing komponen.  Subjek total skore

0,1,2,3,4,5  masing-masing memiliki probabilitas stroke perdarahan 1.3%, 9.2-13.16%,    52.7-

63.5%,   92.5-95.1 % dan 99.3%.  Didapatkan sebuah skala stroke yang terdiri dari empat

komponen probabilitas jenis stroke sebanding dengan peningkatan total skore yang didapat. Kata kunci. stroke iskemik, stroke perdarahan, CT scan, skala stroke

Abstract.   The  computed  tomography  scan  image  is  a  consistent  golden  standard  in

determining diagnosis the kind of stroke.  The computed tomography scan facility at the Zainoel Abidin Public Hospital Banda Aceh is only available very recently, while health delivery facilities in the districts and townships in the province of Aceh do not yet have such an important facility. Therefore, there is a need to have a diagnosis guideline such as an accurate and fast stroke scale representative for the provincial condition need currently, so that it helps the health service personnel to establish diagnosis and kind of stroke fast and accurately like the results of the computed tomography scan.   This study is aimed to create a clinical guideline in the form of stroke scale which can help health personal to establish the diagnosis and the kind of stroke fast and accurately. This is a cross-sectional study which is followed by creating a stroke scale to establish a diagnosis and the kind of stroke. This procedure is followed by diagnostic test to see the capability of  the scale in diagnosing the kind of stroke and comparing to the golden standardized computed tomography scan result of the brain. The independent predictor on the kind of  stroke are the Glasgow Coma Scale (p=0,0013), headache  (p=0,22), vomiting (p=0,014),  and diastolic pressure (p=0,024). The predictor of the kind of stroke is the total value of each component. The total score of the subject is O,l,2,3,4,5   each has  hemorrhage stroke probability  1.3%, 9.2-13.16%,   52.7-

63.5%,  92.5-95.1%  and 99.3%.  A stroke scale was found consisting of four components. The probability of the kind of stroke is comparable to  the increase of total score found.

 

Key words :  ischemic stroke, hemorrhage stroke, computed tomography scan,  stroke scale


Keywords


Kata kunci. stroke iskemik, stroke perdarahan, CT scan, skala stroke; ischemic stroke, hemorrhage stroke, computed tomography scan, stroke scale

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