THE AUTHORITY OF THE INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COURT OVER CLAIMS FOR DAMAGES FOR UNLAWFUL ACTS IN EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIPS (CASE STUDY OF DECISION NUMBER 10/PDT.SUS-PHI/2025/PN BJM)
Abstract
Abstract
The authority of the Industrial Relations Court (PHI) in examining claims for material damages resulting from unlawful acts (PMH) that occur in employment relationships still raises legal issues in judicial practice. The provisions of Article 56 of Law Number 2 of 2004 do not explicitly regulate the authority of the PHI over claims for compensation for PMH, while Article 1365 of the Civil Code places PMH under the absolute jurisdiction of the District Court. The research method used is normative juridical with a legislative, conceptual, and decision study approach, specifically Decision Number 10/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2025/PN Banjarmasin. The results of the study show that Article 56 of Law Number 2 of 2004 does not grant the PHI the authority to decide on PMH compensation claims, so that normatively, this authority rests with the District Court based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code. However, in judicial practice, PHI judges still examine the substance of PMH as a basis for assessing the validity of the reasons for termination of employment, as reinforced by Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 3 of 2018. This condition indicates a blurring of norms that has an impact on the uncertainty of the dispute resolution forum and the potential for disparity in decisions. Therefore, It is necessary to strengthen normative regulations through changes in legislation or more operational judicial guidelines to clarify the boundaries of authority between courts and ensure legal certainty.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/sklj.v9i3.51760
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