PERANAN KITOSAN DALAM TERAPI PERIODONTAL

R. Tri Rizky Ananda; Irma Ervina

doi:10.24815/cdj.v14i1.27298

PERANAN KITOSAN DALAM TERAPI PERIODONTAL

R. Tri Rizky Ananda, Irma Ervina

Abstract

Penyakit periodontal disebabkan oleh plak dan bakteri yang mempengaruhi jaringan pendukung gigi. Terapi periodontal secara mekanik bertujuan untuk menghilangkan biofilm dan kalkulus subgingiva untuk mencegah rekolonisasi bakteri dan pembentukan biofilm. Dalam beberapa kasus di mana terapi mekanis memiliki keterbatasan, maka terapi penunjang seperti terapi antibiotik diberikan. Kitosan adalah sejenis selulosa polisakarida alami, banyak ditemukan pada serangga, cangkang krustasea dan dinding sel jamur, juga dikenal sebagai kitin terlarut yang tidak beracun, biokompatibel dan biodegradable. Kitosan memiliki beberapa karakteristik seperti efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri patogen periodontal, antiinflamasi, sistem penghantar obat, meningkatkan aktivitas modulasi regeneratif, hemostatik dan aktivitas penyembuhan. Makalah ini menjelaskan manfaat kitosan sebagai biomaterial alami yang aman dan dapat digunakan dalam berbagai bidang di bidang kedokteran gigi. Kitosan juga memiliki sifat biologis yang baik, sehingga kitosan cukup menjanjikan bila digunakan dalam pengelolaan terapi periodontal non bedah.

Keywords

Kitosan; anti-bakteri; sistem penghantar obat; anti-inflamasi; aktivitas modulasi regeneratif

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/cdj.v14i1.27298