Distribusi karang keras (Scleractinia) sebagai penyusun utama ekosistem terumbu karang di Gosong Karang Pakiman, Pulau Bawean
Abstract
The objective of this research was to assess the condition and distribution of stony corals Scleractinian order at Karang Pakiman reef, Bawean Islands, Gresik. This research was conducted in May 2014. The biophysical conditions of coral reefs data were collected using line transect that placed on a line with the coastline, following the depth contours of the bottom waters and the geographical position was determined with GPS. The result showed that the condition of coral reefs in the study site was varied on the status of bad to good. Scleractinian coral in Karang Pakiman, Bawean spread over reef flat, reef crest, and reef slope zones. The main component of the coral reef at Karang Pakiman was Acroporidae, Faviidae, and Poritidae, while Poritidae and Faviidae family which were dominated by the coral massive (CM) life form and to be a constituent of coral reef ecosystems in the study site. The Diversity Index (H') was 1.72; Evenness Index (E) was 0.58, and Dominance Index (C) was 0.62.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi dan distribusi karang keras Ordo Scleractinia di gosong Karang Pakiman, Pulau Bawean, Gresik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Mei 2014 di perairan Pulau Bawean, Gresik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian survei / deskriptif. Materi penelitian adalah karang keras yang diidentifikasi sampai tingkat spesies. Pengumpulan data kondisi bio – fisik terumbu karang dilakukan dengan menggunakan transek garis dan transek kuadran yang diletakkan sejajar garis pantai, mengikuti kontur dasar perairan. Posisi geografis penelitian ditentukan dengan GPS. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan kondisi terumbu karang di lokasi penelitian berada pada status buruk sampai dengan baik. Karang keras di gosong Karang Pakiman, Pulau Bawean tersebar pada zona reef flat, reef crest, dan reef slope. Penyusun utama ekosistem terumbu karang pada lokasi penelitian terdiri dari 3 famili, yaitu Acroporidae, Faviidae, dan Poritidae. Life form CM yang didominasi oleh famili Poritidae dan Faviidae merupakan bentuk pertumbuhan utama karang keras penyusun ekosistem terumbu karang di lokasi penelitian. Nilai H’ adalah 1,72; nilai E adalah 0,58 dan nilai C adalah 0,62.
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.13170/depik.6.1.5461
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Faculty of Marine and Fisheries
Universitas Syiah Kuala
Jalan Meureubo No. 1, Kopelma Darussalam
Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
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