Genetic Evaluation and Selection Response of Birth Weight and Weaning Weight in Male Saburai Goats
Abstract
ABSTRACT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi parameter genetik (heritabilitas, korelasi genetik) dan nilai pemuliaan serta menggunakan parameter-parameter tersebut untuk mengestimasi respon seleksi dan respon seleksi sifat berkorelasi untuk bobot lahir dan bobot sapih kambing Saburai jantan. Data bobot lahir dan bobot sapih 90 cempe jantan kambing Saburai (data dari tahun 2017-2018) yang dihasilkan dari sembilan ekor pejantan dan 45 ekor induk digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Heritabilitas, korelasi genetik dan fenotipik diestimasi menggunakan data saudara tiri sebapak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai heritabilitas estimasi untuk bobot lahir dan bobot sapih adalah termasuk kategori sedang (masing-masing 0,30±0,08 dan 0,22±0,07). Korelasi genetik antara bobot lahir dan bobot sapih dikategorikan sebagai positif tinggi (0,42±0,06), sedangkan korelasi fenotip antara kedua sifat ini adalah 0,10 (rendah) dan korelasi lingkungan 0,56 (tinggi). Respon seleksi meningkat dengan meningkatnya intensitas seleksi, berkisar antara 0,11 kg sampai 0,28 kg untuk bobot lahir dan antara 0,60 kg sampai 1,54 kg untuk bobot sapih, pada proporsi seleksi antara 50% sampai 5%. Respon seleksi sifat-sifat berkorelasi yang diharapkan terhadap seleksi bobot lahir secara langsung berdampak pada bobot sapih berkisar antara 0,29 kg hingga 0,75 kg pada proporsi seleksi 50% sampai 5%. Heritabilitas sedang dan korelasi genetik yang positif antara bobot lahir dan bobot sapih menunjukkan bahwa seleksi untuk salah satu dari dua sifat ini bisa berhasil dan peningkatan bobot lahir akan meningkatkan bobot sapih kambing Saburai jantan juga. Seleksi tidak langsung yaitu seleksi bobot lahir akan berdampak pada respon seleksi bobot sapih yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan seleksi langsung terhadap bobot sapih.
(Evaluasi genetik dan respon seleksi bobot lahir dan bobot sapih pada kambing Saburai jantan)
ABSTRAK. This research aimed to estimate genetic parameters (heritability, genetic correlation) and breeding value and used these parameters to estimate selection responses and correlated response to selection of birth and weaning weight of male Saburai goats. Data of birth and weaning weight of ninety male Saburai kids (2017-2018) generated from nine bucks and 45 does were used in this study. Heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlation were estimated using paternal half-sib data. The results showed that heritability estimates for birth and weaning weight were moderate category (0.30±0.08 and 0.22±0.07, respectively). Genetic correlation between birth and weaning weight was categorized as a high positive value (0.42±0.06), while phenotype correlations between the two traits were 0.10 (low), and environmental correlations were 0.56 (high). Responses to selection increased with increasing selection intensity ranging from 0.11 kg to 0.28 kg and 0.60 kg to 1.54 kg for birth and weaning weight, respectively, at 50% to 5% selection proportion. The response of the selection of correlated traits expected to direct birth weight selection impacted on weaning weight ranged from 0.29 kg to 0.75 kg at a selection proportion of 50% to 5%. The moderate heritability and positive genetic correlation between birth and weaning weight suggested that selection for any of these two traits should be successful and improving birth weight will improve the weaning weight of male Saburai goats as well. However, indirect selection (birth weight selection) will impact on the lower response for weaning weight compared to direct selection for weaning weight.Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v22i1.21062
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