Tingkat Produksi dan Keragaman Vegetasi Hijauan Pakan di Padang Penggembalaan Berdasarkan Sistem Penanaman Berbeda
Abstract
ABSTRACT. Padang penggembalaan yang berkualitas baik akan menghasilkan produktivitas ternak yang optimal. Sistem penanaman hijauan pakan secara monokultur dan polikultur berperanan penting dalam menciptakan padang penggembalaan yang berkualitas baik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengukur tingkat produksi dan keragaman vegetasi hijauan pakan di padang penggembalaan Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BPTUHPT) Padang Mengatas berdasarkan sistem penanaman berbeda. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan dua perlakuan berdasarkan perbedaan sistem penanaman (monokultur dan polikultur) dan 4 ulangan. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan T-test paired sample berdasarkan perbedaan sistem penanaman. Peubah yang diamati adalah karakteristik warna dan pH tanah, tingkat keragaman vegetasi, dan tingkat produksi tanaman pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan sistem penanaman monokultur dan polikultur menghasilkan hasil yang sama baik dan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pH tanah, produksi biomassa tanaman dan kapasitas tampung. Visualisasi warna tanah adalah cenderung gelap dan pedok didominasi tanaman pakan sesuai desain penanaman, yakni Brachiaria decumbens pada sistem monokultur, Brachiaria decumbens, Panicum maximum, dan Cynodon plectostachyus untuk sistem penanaman polikultur. Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa tingkat produksi hijauan dan kapasitas tampung padang penggembalaan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) antara perlakuan monokultur dan polikultur, tetapi cenderung lebih tinggi pada perlakuan sistem penanaman polikultur, yakni 4,86 ± 0,88 ST/ha/th dan 5,26 ± 2,42 ST/ha/th. Keragaman vegetasi dari rumput yang dikembangkan berdasarkan indeks nilai penting (INP) adalah tinggi dan dominan Brachiaria decumbens pada sistem monokultur. Begitu juga INP yang tinggi dan dominan dari tanaman Brachiaria decumbens, Panicum maximum, dan Cynodon plectostachyus untuk sistem penanaman polikultur.
(Production rate and diversity of forage vegetation at pasture base on planting system)
ABSTRAK. Good quality pasture will produce optimum livestock productivity. Forage planting system both monoculture and polyculture have important role to provide good quality pasture. The objective of the research was to evaluate production rate and forage diversity at Center of Animal Breeding and Forage (BPTUHPT) Padang Mengatas based on different planting system. A completely randomized design with 2 treatments based on planting system (monoculture and polyculture) and 4 replication were applied for the research. Data was analyzed by T-test paired sample based on planting system. Parameters observed were color characteristics and soil pH, vegetation diversity rate, and forage productivity. Research shows that planting system by monoculture and polyculture provide similar result (P>0,05) for soil pH, biomass production and carrying capacity. Soil color visualization tend to be darker and paddock was dominated by Brachiaria decumbens for monoculture system, meanwhile Brachiaria decumbens, Panicum maximum, dan Cynodon plectostachyus were dominant for polyculture system. Production rate and carrying capacity of pasture were not significantly different (P>0,05) for both monoculture and polyculture system, but tend to be higher on polyculture system. The average production rate were 4,86±0,88 AU/ha/yr for monoculture system and 5,26±2,42 AU/ha/yr for polyculture system. Diversity of forage vegetation according to the Importance Value Index (IVI) was high and dominance for Brachiaria decumbens at monoculture system. In addition, it was similar result for Brachiaria decumbens, Panicum maximum, dan Cynodon plectostachyus with polyculture system.Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abay, K., Abay, M.H., Amare, M., Berhane, G., Aynekulu, E., 2021. Mismatch between soil nutrient deficiencies and fertilizer applications: Implications for yield responses in Ethiopia. Agric. Eco. 53: 215-230.
BMKG, 2016. Curah Hujan Padang Mengatas. Sumber data Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika. Stasiun Klimatologi Sicincin Tahun 2015. Sumatera Barat (ID)
Damry., 2009. Production and nutrients composition of forages produced from a natural grassland in Lore Utara subdistrict, Poso district. J. Agroland. 16: 296-300
do Nascimento, H.L.B., Pedreira, B., Sollenberger, L., Pereira, D.H., Magalhaes C.A.S, Chizzotti, F., 2019. Physiological characteristics and forage accumulation of grazed Marandu palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha) growing in monoculture and in silvopasture with Eucalyptus urograndis. J. Crop and Past. Sci. 70(4): 384-394.
Eviati dan Sulaeman, 2009. Analisis Kimia Tanah, Tanaman, Air dan Pupuk. Petunjuk Teknis. 2nd ed. Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Balai Penelitian Tanah. Bogor, pp 1-234.
Fitriani, D.A., Mahrup, M., Yasin, I., Bakti, L.A.A., 2022. Kecenderungan warna tanah dan status bahan organik pada lahan pertanian yang mengalami penutupan awan rendah berbasis peta terra modis di Pulau Lombok. JSQM. 1(1): 1–6.
Foth, H.D., 1998. Dasar-dasar Ilmu tanah. Yogyakarta (ID): Gadjah Mada University Press, pp 1-374.
Hakim, N., Nyakpa, M.Y., Lubis, A.M., Nugroho, S.G., Diha, M.A., Hong, G.B., Bailey, H.H., 1986. Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Tanah. Lampung (ID): Unila Press, pp 1-488
Halls, L.K., Hughes, R.H., Rummel, R.L., Southwel, B.L., 1964. Forage and cattle management in longleaf-slash pine forest. Farmer’s Bulletin, 2119. US Department of Agriculture, Washington D.C, pp 1-25
Junaidi, M., Sawen, D., 2010. Keragaman botanis dan kapasitas tampung padang penggembalaan alami di Kabupaten Yapen. JIPI. 5(2): 92-97.
Kumalasari, N.R., Putra, R.I., Abdullah, L., 2020. Evaluasi morfologi, produksi dan kualitas tumbuhan Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson pada lingkungan yang berbeda. JINTP. 18(2): 49-53.
Kusmana, C., 2017. Metode Survey dan Interpretasi Data Vegetasi. Bogor(ID) : IPB Press, pp 1-68.
Miller, A.G., and Nyberg, J.A., 1995. Collecting Herbarium Vouchers. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK, pp 561-573
Muhajirin, Despal, Khalil, 2017. Pemenuhan kebutuhan hijauan sapi potong bibit yang digembalakan di Padang Mengatas. Bulmater. 104(1): 9-20.
Quattrocchi, U., 2006. CRC World Dictionary of Grasses: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, USA. Vol 1-3: 1-2408
Rosmarkam, A., dan Yuwono, N.W., 2002. Ilmu Kesuburan Tanah. Yogyakarta (ID): Kanisius, pp 1-224
Sahira, M., Solfiyeni, S., 2016. Analisis vegetasi tumbuhan asing invasif di kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Dr. Moh. Hatta, Padang, Sumatera Barat. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas, Padang. 2(1): 60-64.
SEAMEO BIOTROP, 2013. Invasive Alien Species. http://kmtb.biotrop.org
Se’u, V.E., Karti, P.D.M., Abdullah, L., 2015. Botanical composition, grass production, and carrying capacity of pasture in Timor Tengah Selatan district. Medpet 38(3):176-182.
Setyanti, Y.H., Anwar, S., Slamet, W., 2013. Photosynthesis characteristic and phospor uptake of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in different defoliation intensity and nitrogen fertilizer. J. Anim. Agric. 2:86-96.
Siba, F.G, Suarna, I.W., Suryani, N.N., 2017. Evaluasi Padang Penggembalaan Alami Maronggela di Kabupaten Ngada Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. MIP. 20(1):1-4.
Soegianto, A., 1994. Ekologi Kuantitatif: Metode Analisis Populasi dan Komunitas. Surabaya (ID): Usaha Nasional Press, 1-174
Soerianegara, I., dan Indrawan, A., 1988. Ekologi Hutan Indonesia. Bogor (ID): IPB Pess, pp 1-83
Starast, M., Karp, K., Moor, U., Vool, E., Paal, T. 2003. Effect of Fertilization on Soil pH and Growth of LowBush Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait): Estonia (EE): Estonian Agricultural University.
Tan, K.H., 2011. Principle of Soil Chemistry. 4th ed. Switzerland (CH): Marcel Dekker Inc, pp 1-390
Utami, S.N.H dan Handayani, S. 2003. Sifat Kimia Entisol pada Sistem Pertanian Organik. Yogyakarta (ID): Universitas Gadjah Mada. 10(2): 63-69
von Tucher, S., Horndl, D., Schmidhalter, U., 2018. Interaction of soil pH and phosphorus efficacy: Long-term effects of P fertilizer and lime applications on wheat, barley, and sugar beet. Ambio 47(1): 41–49.
Webby, R.W and Pengelly, W.J., 1986. The use of pasture height as a predictor of feed level in north island hill country. In: Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 47: 249-253
Wills, SA., Burras, C.L., Sandor, J.A., 2007. Prediction of soil organic carbon content using field and laboratory measurements of soil color. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J. 71(2): 380-388.
Zulkarnain, Alimuddin, L.O, Razak, A., 2015. Analisis vegetasi dan visualisasi profil vegetasi hutan di ekosistem hutan Tahura Nipa-Nipa di Kelurahan Mangga Dua Kota Kendari. Ecogreen. 1(1):43–54.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v23i1.28096
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 0 timesPDF - 0 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Agripet
License URL: http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/agripet/about/submissions#copyrightNotice
Copyright© 2000-2024 | ISSN: 1411-4623 | EISSN: 2460-4534
Jurnal Agripet is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Published by:
Animal Husbandry Department, The Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala
associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia (HILPI).
Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Kopelma Darussalam,
Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
Phone: +62-81383736633
Email: jurnalagripet@usk.ac.id
Online Submissions & Guidelines | Editorial Policies | Contact | Statistics | Indexing | Citations