Benefits of Soybean Pulp and Brown Rice Flour for Improving Carcass Performance and Reducing Fat Content in Peking Duck

Siti Rani Ayuti, Fitrah Khairi, Mudastsir Mudastsir, Mira Delima, Teuku Reza Ferasyi, Muslim Akmal, Novia Qomariyah, Mira Andriani, Sadarman Sadarman, Filphin Adolfin Amalo, Djoko Subagyo

Abstract


Soybean pulp and brown rice flour have a high protein content to increase the nutrients of Pekingese duck feed. The experimental research method used a Factorial Design with 5 treatments and 5 replicates, the details of the treatment were as follows: Control (a0r0), addition of brown rice flour (a1, a2, a3 and a4), and soybean pulp (r1, r2, r3 and r4). Soybean pulp 3-12% and brown rice flour 4-16% respectively. The parameters observed were feed consumption, live weight, feed conversion, carcass weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage, and meat fat content. The data obtained were processed according to the complete random design diversity analysis. Duncan's Multiple Range Test tested the values of different parameters between treatments at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the addition of 3-12% soybean meal and 4-16% brown rice flour did not have a significant effect (P0.05) on feed consumption, live weight, feed conversion, weight and carcass percentage, except for the percentage of abdominal fat and fat content of Peking ducks. The addition of 12% soybean meal and 16% brown rice flour (a4r4) was able to reduce the percentage of abdominal fat by 47.5% and the content of meat fat by 55.2% compared to the control. This study concludes that the addition of 12% (r4) soybean pulp and 16% (a4) brown rice flour per kg of feed can reduce the percentage of abdominal fat and fat content of Peking ducks.

Keywords


Soybean pulp; peking duck; feed; brown rice flour

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aminullah., Mardiah., M.R. Riandi., A.P. Argani., G. Syahbirin, dan T. Kemala. 2018. Pengaruh Jenis Metode Ekstraksi Lemak terhadap Total Lipid Lemak Ayam dan Babi. J. Agroindustri Halal, 4(1): 094-100.

Anhar, A. 2013. Eksplorasi dan Mutu Beras Genotip Padi Merah di Kabupaten Pasaman Barat, Sumatera Barat. Animal Agriculture Journal. 1(1): 97-101.

Ayuti, S.R., M. Fikri., R. Rastina., H. Herrialfian., T.Z. Helmi., M. Isa, and R.S. Zamzami. 2022a. Evaluating of The Addition Coconut Pulp (Cocos nucifera L.) Fermentation in Feed and The Effect on Percentage of Carcass Broiler Chicken. The International Journal of Tropical Veterinary and Biomedical Research, 7(1): 22-28.

Ayuti, S.R., H.R. Purnama., A. Azhari., M. Isa., T.Z. Helmi., A. Novita., H. Herrialfian., D. Darniati, dan A. Makmur. 2022b. Pengaruh Penambahan Ampas Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) Fermentasi pada Pakan terhadap Persentase Karkas dan Kadar Lemak Ayam Broiler. J. Peternakan Indonesia, 24(3): 288-297.

Berliana, B., N. Nurhayati, dan N. Nelwida. 2020. Massa Protein dan Lemak Daging Dada pada Ayam Broiler yang Mengonsumsi Ransum Mengandung Bawang Hitam. J. Penelitian Ilmu Peternakan, 18(1): 15-22.

Byun, J.S., Y.S. Han, and S.S. Lee. 2010. The Effects of Yellow Soybean, Black Soybean, and Sword Bean on Lipid Levels and Oxidative Stress in Ovariectomized Rats. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 80: 97-106.

Chen, X., H. Yang., L. Xu., X. Wan, and Z. Wang. 2020. Effect of Replacing Dietary Corn with Broken Rice on Goose Growth Performance, Body Size, and Bare Skin Color. Animals, 10(8): 1-10.

Chen, W.S. 2022. Duck Slaughter Processing and Meat Quality Measurements. In: Duck Production and Management Strategies. Edited by Jalaludeen, A., R.R. Churchil, and E. Baéza. Springer Nature. Singapore.

Cherry, P and T. Morris. 2008. Domestick Duck Production: Science and Practice. CABI Publishing. Wallingford. Britania Raya.

Christian, I., H. Djunaedi, dan M.H. Natsir. 2016. Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) sebagai Aditif Pakan terhadap Penampilan Produksi Itik Pedaging. J. Ternak Tropika, 17(2): 34-41.

Damerow, G. 2023. An Absolute Beginner's Guide to Raising Backyard Ducks: Breeds, Feeding, Housing and Care, Eggs, and Meat. Storey Publishing. New York.

Daud, M., M. Mulyadi, dan Z. Fuadi. 2016. Persentase Karkas Itik Peking yang Diberi Pakan dalam Bentuk Wafer Ransum Komplit Mengandung Limbah Kopi. J. Agripet, 16(1): 62-68.

Debnath, J and T.K. Das. 2023a. Nutrient Requirements of Ducks and Their Feeding, In: Duck Production and Management. Edited by Debnath, J. Narendra Publishing House. New Delhi. India.

Debnath, J and D. Sarkar. 2023b. Ducks Management, In: Duck Production and Management. Edited by Debnath, J. Narendra Publishing House. New Delhi. India.

Dewanti, R., M. Irham, dan Sudiyono. 2013. Pengaruh Penggunaan Enceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) Terfermentasi dalam Ransum terhadap Persentase Karkas, Non-karkas, dan Lemak Abdominal Itik Lokal Jantan Umur Delapan Minggu. Buletin Petenakan, 37(1): 19-25.

Ellis, K. 2024. Raising Ducks for Beginners and Beyond: The Guide to Breeds, Ponds, Nutrition, and All Things Duck. Cool Springs Press. Beverly. New York.

Fan, H., M. Xie., W. Wang., S. Hou, and W. Huang. 2008. Effects of Dietary Energy on Growth Performance and Carcass Quality of White Growing Pekin ducks from Two to Six Weeks of Age. Poult. Sci, 87: 1162-1164.

Ghosh, N. 2020. Poultry Science. CBS Publishers. India.

Hadi, R.F and A.K. Wati. 2021. The Effect of Vegetable Oils (Palm Oil, Canola, Coconut, and Soybean Oil) on the Ration of Slaughter Weight, Carcass Weight, Carcass Percentage, and Abdominal Fat Percentage of Male Ducks. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., 828(1): 012014. 33.

Herdiana, R.M., Y.M.R. Dewanti, dan Sudiyono. 2014. Pengaruh Penggunaan Ampas Kecap dalam Ransum terhadap Pertambahan Bobot Badan Harian, Konversi Ransum, Rasio Efisiensi Protein, dan Produksi Karkas Itik Lokal Jantan Umur 8 Minggu. J. Peternakan, 38(3): 157-162.

Hidayah, S.N., H.I. Wahyuni, dan S. Kismiyati. 2019. Kualitas Kimia Daging Ayam Broiler dengan Suhu Pemeliharaan yang Berbeda. J. Sains dan Teknologi Peternakan, 1(1): 1-6.

Jaelani, A., A. Gunawan, dan S. Syaifuddin. 2014. Pengaruh Penambahan Probiotik Starbio dalam Ransum terhadap Bobot Potong, Persentase Karkas, dan Persentase Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler. Ziraa'ah Majalah Ilmiah Pertanian, 39(2): 85-94.

Jalaludeen, A., R.R. Churchil, and E. Baéza. 2022. Duck Production: An Overview. In: Duck Production and Management Strategies. Edited by Jalaludeen, A., R.R. Churchil, and E. Baéza. Springer Nature. Singapore.

Kang, P., Y.Q. Hou., D. Toms., N.D. Yan., B.Y. Ding, and J. Gong. 2013. Effects of Enzyme Complex Supplementation to A Paddy Based Diet on Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Meat-Type Ducks. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci, 26: 253-259.

Krismaputri, M.E., N. Suthama, dan Y.B. Pramono. 2019. Pemberian Prebiotik Soybean Oligosakarida dari Ekstrak Bungkil dan Kulit Kedelai terhadap Perlemakan dan Bobot Daging pada Ayam Broiler. J. Pengembangan Penyuluhan Pertanian, 13(24): 99-105.

Kumalasari, C., I. Setiawan, dan L. Adriani. 2020. Pengaruh Pemberian Probiotik Kering Berbasis Susu Sapi, Kacang Hijau, dan Kedelai terhadap Performa Ayam Broiler. J. Peternakan Indonesia, 22(1): 110-118.

Kurniawan, A.M., Mufti, dan I.H. Sulistyawan. 2014. Bobot dan Persentase Lemak Abdomen dan Giblet Itik Lokal Afkir Berdasarkan Sistem Pemeliharaan dan Lokasi yang Berbeda. J. Ilmu Peteternakan, 2(1): 119- 128.

Kwon, H.J., Y.K. Choo., Y.I. Choi., E.J. Kim., H.K. Kim., K.N. Heo., H.C. Choi., S.K. Lee., C.J. Kim., B.G.

Kim., C.W. Kang, and B.K. An. 2014. Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Korean Native Ducks and Commercial Meat-Type Ducks Raised Under Same Feeding and Rearing Conditions. Asian Australas.

J. Anim. Sci, 27: 1638-1643.

Mardhika, H., B. Dwiloka, dan B.E. Setiani. 2020. Pengaruh Berbagai Metode Thawing Daging Ayam Petelur Afkir Beku terhadap Kadar Protein, Protein Terlarut, dan Kadar Lemak Steak Ayam. J. Teknologi Pangan, 4(1): 48-54.

Li, C.Y., J.J. Lu., C.P. Wu, and T.F. Lien. 2014. Effects of Probiotics and Bremelain Fermented Soybean Meal Replacing Fish Meal on Growth Performance, Nutrient Retention, and Carcass Traits of Broilers. Livestock Science, 163(1): 94-101.

Liu, J.B., H.L. Yan., Y. Zhang., Y.D. Hu, and H.F. Zhang. 2019. Effects of Dietary Energy and Protein Content and Lipid Source on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits in Pekin Ducks. Poult. Sci, 98(10): 4829-4837.

Mandal, A.B. 2022. Feeding and Nutrient Requirements of Ducks. In: Duck Production and Management Strategies.

Edited by Jalaludeen, A., R.R. Churchil, and E. Baéza. Springer Nature. Singapore.

Massolo, R., A. Mujnisa, dan L. Agustina. 2016. Persentase Karkas dan Lemak Abdominal Broiler yang Diberi Prebiotik Inulin Umbi Bunga Dahlia (Dahlia variabillis). Buletin Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, 12(2): 50- 58.

Martin, H., C. Liu, and R.R. Churchil. 2022. Duck Genetics and Breeding. In: Duck Production and Management Strategies. Edited by Jalaludeen, A., R.R. Churchil, and E. Baéza. Springer Nature. Singapore.

Nikmatul, A., Ismoyowati, dan N. Iriyanti. 2013. Tingkat Pertumbuhan dan Konversi Pakan pada Berbagai Itik Lokal Jantan (Anas plathyrhinchos) dan Itik Manila Jantan (Cairrina moschata). J. Ilmiah Peternakan, 1(2): 718-725.

Oomen, G.T., T. Sathu, and W.S. Chen. 2022. Further Processing of Duck Meat and Egg. In: Duck Production and Management Strategies. Edited by Jalaludeen, A., R.R. Churchil, and E. Baéza. Springer Nature. Singapore.

Owens, R. 2019. Handbook of Poultry Science. Syrawood Publishing House. New York.

Pahlepi, R., H. Hafid, dan A. Indi. 2015. Bobot Akhir Persentase Karkas dan Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler dengan Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) dalam Air Minum. J. Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis, 2(3): 1-7.

Powell. E. 2022. Poultry Science. Syrawood Publishing House. New York.

Pratiwi, M., M.A. Pagala, dan A.S. Aku. 2016. Produksi Karkas dan Lemak Abdominal Ayam Broiler Strain Cobb dan Strain Lohmann yang Diberi Pakan Berbeda. J. Ilmu Tropika, 1(1): 1-6.

Putra, A., Rukmiasih, dan R. Afnan. 2015. Persentase dan Kualitas Karkas Itik Cihateup Alabio pada Umur Pemotongan yang Berbeda. J. Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Pertanian, 3(1): 27-32.

Ramadhana, W.A., D. Sunarti, dan T.A. Sarjana. 2019. Produksi Karkas dan Presentase Lemak Abdominal Itik Tegal Jantan dengan Sistem Pemeliharaan Intensif dan Semi Intensif di KTT Bulusari Pemalang. J. Ilmiah Peternakan Terpadu, 7(1): 173-179.

Sadarman., E. Erwan., A. Irawan., M.M. Sholikin., R. Solfaine., R.P. Harahap., A.C. Irawan., A. Sofyan., Nahrowi, and A. Jayanegara. 2021a. Propolis Supplementation Affects Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Bacterial Population o f Broiler Chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science, 51(4): 477-487.

Sadarmana., A. Irawan., C. Hidayat., Elfawati., M.M. Sholikin., R.P. Harahap., R.K. Ruslif., R. Solfaine., A. Sofyan., Nahrowi, and A. Jayanegarai. 2021b. Propolis Supplementation on Broiler Chicken Performances, Nutrient Digestibility, and Carcass Characteristics: A Meta-Analysis. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 44(4): 425-433.

Sarkar, B.K. 2023. Slaughter of Ducks, Grading, and Packaging of Duck Meat. In: Duck Production and Management. Edited by Debnath, J. Narendra Publishing House. New Delhi. India.

Sompong, R., S. Siebenhandl-Ehn., G. Linsberger-Martin, and E. Berghofer. 2011. Physicochemical and Antioxidative Properties of Red and Black Rice Varieties from Thailand, China, and Sri Lanka. J. Food Chemistry, 124(2011): 132-140.

Sritiawthai, E., S. Sakulthai., J. Sakdee., C. Bunchasak., C. Kaewtapee, and T. Poeikhampha. 2013. Effect of Protein Level and Dietary Energy on Production, Intestinal Morphology, and Carcass Yield of Meat Duck During Start Phase of 14 Days. J. Appl. Poult. Sci, 13:315-320.

Sujarweni, V.W dan L.R. Utami. 2023. The Guidebook of SPSS. Anak Hebat Indonesia. Jakarta.

Tumanggor, B.G., D.M. Suci, dan S. Suharti. 2017. Kajian Pemberian Pakan pada Itik dengan Sistem Pemeliharaan Intensif dan Semi Intensif d i Peternakan Rakyat. Buletin Makanan Ternak, 104(1): 21-29.

Wahjuningsih, S.B., A.R. Septiani, dan Haslina. 2018. Organoleptik Cereal dari Tepung Beras Merah (Oryza nivara Linn.) dan Tepung Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris Linn.). J. Litbang Provinsi Jawa tengah, 16(2): 131-142.

Wen, Z.G., T.J. Rasolofomanana., J. Tang., Y. Jiang., M. Xie., P.L. Yang, and S.S. Hou. 2017. Effects of Dietary Energy and Lysine Levels on Growth Performance and Carcass Yields of Pekin Ducks from Hatch to 21 Days of Age. Poult. Sci, 96:3361-3366.

Xie, M., Y. Jiang., J. Tang., Q. Zhang., W. Huang, and S.S. Hou. 2017. Starter and Subsequent Grower Response of Pekin Ducks to Low-Protein Diets in Starter Phase. Livest. Sci, 203:92-96.

Zeng, Q.F., P. Cherry., A. Doster., R. Murdoch., O. Adeola, and T.J. Applegate. 2015. Effect of Dietary Energy and Protein Content on Growth and Carcass Traits of Peking Ducks. Poult. Sci, 94:384-394.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v25i2.44014

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 0 times
PDF - 0 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) Jurnal Agripet

License URL: https://www.jurnal.usk.ac.id/agripet/about/submissions#copyrightNotice

Creative Commons LicenseISSN: 1411-4623E-ISSN: 2460-4534
Copyright© 2000-2025 | ISSN: 1411-4623 | EISSN: 2460-4534 
Jurnal Agripet is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

 

Published by: 
Animal Husbandry Department, The Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala 
associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia (HILPI). 
Jl. Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Kopelma Darussalam,
Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
Phone: +62-81383736633
Email: jurnalagripet@usk.ac.id

Online Submissions & Guidelines | Editorial Policies | Contact | Statistics | Indexing | Citations